• 1.562 Gb/s phase-encrypted secure communication

      Ajmal, Tahmina; Walker, Stuart D. (IET, 2008-10)
    • 2007 Index IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology Vol. 56

      Allen, Ben (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2007)
      This index covers all technical items - papers, correspondence, reviews, etc. - that appeared in this periodical during the year, and items from previous years that were commented upon or corrected in this year. Departments and other items may also be covered if they have been judged to have archival value. The Author Index contains the primary entry for each item, listed under the first author's name. The primary entry includes the coauthors' names, the title of the paper or other item, and its location, specified by the publication abbreviation, year, month, and inclusive pagination. The Subject Index contains entries describing the item under all appropriate subject headings, plus the first author's name, the publication abbreviation, month, and year, and inclusive pages. Note that the item title is found only under the primary entry in the Author Index.
    • 3D multiscale visualisation for medical datasets

      McFarlane, Nigel J.B.; Clapworthy, Gordon J.; Agrawal, Anupam; Viceconti, Marco; Taddei, Fulvia; Schileo, E.; Baruffaldi, F. (IEEE, 2012-06-08)
    • 3D reconstruction from few silhouettes using statistical models and landmark points

      Prakoonwit, Simant; University of Reading (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2010)
    • 3D scanning by multiple fan beam X-ray sources and sensors

      Benjamin, Ralph; Prakoonwit, Simant (Emerald, 2005)
    • 3D surface reconstruction from multiview photographic images using 2D edge contours

      Prakoonwit, Simant; Benjamin, Ralph; University of Bedfordshire (SpringerLink, 2012)
      Most techniques for reconstructing 3D shapes from multi-view 2D photographic images require a large number of images. In this paper, we present a new method for reconstructing 3D surfaces, represented by sets of polygons, using a small number, e.g. 10, of 2D photographic images with full prior knowledge of camera configurations. The method is automatic. Unlike most currently available silhouette-based multiview reconstruction methods, 3D surface points and surfaces are reconstructed directly from 2D edges without costly intermediate voxel reconstruction. The surfaces reconstructed by the proposed method are self-optimized. More surface points and polygons are automatically generated on highly curved parts of a surface. Experiments on computer generated objects and real physical objects were conducted to verify the method.
    • 3D-holoscopic imaging: a new dimension to enhance Iimaging in minimally invasive therapy in urologic oncology

      Makanjuola, Jonathan K.; Aggoun, Amar; Swash, Mohammad; Grange, Philippe C.R.; Challacombe, Benjamin; Dasgupta, Prokar; Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital; Brunel University; King's College Hospital (Mary Ann Liebert, 2013-05)
      Background and Purpose: Existing imaging modalities of urologic pathology are limited by three-dimensional (3D) representation on a two-dimensional screen. We present 3D-holoscopic imaging as a novel method of representing Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data images taken from CT and MRI to produce 3D-holographic representations of anatomy without special eyewear in natural light. 3D-holoscopic technology produces images that are true optical models. This technology is based on physical principles with duplication of light fields. The 3D content is captured in real time with the content viewed by multiple viewers independently of their position, without 3D eyewear. Methods: We display 3D-holoscopic anatomy relevant to minimally invasive urologic surgery without the need for 3D eyewear. Results: The results have demonstrated that medical 3D-holoscopic content can be displayed on commercially available multiview auto-stereoscopic display. Conclusion: The next step is validation studies comparing 3D-Holoscopic imaging with conventional imaging.
    • 60 GHz time-domain propagation measurement system

      Karadimas, Petros; Allen, Ben; Okon, Ernest; University of Bedfordshire (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2012-11)
      We present a measurement system and method for characterising the 60 GHz time-domain wireless propagation channel using commercially available and cost effective equipment. Our measurements campaign focuses on characterizing shadowing attenuation due to human activity when intercepting the line-of-sight (LOS) path in indoor environments. Such characterization, accompanied by a statistical description of the received power levels, validates our measurement configuration and depicts its potentials for deriving novel research results in the 60 GHz band.
    • About the kernel of the augmentation of finitely generated Z-modules

      Conrad, Marc (University of Osijek, 2000)
      Let M be a free finitely generated Z-module with basis B and ΔM the kernel of the homomorphism M→Z which maps B to 1. A basis of ΔM can be easily constructed from the basis B of M. Let further R be a submodule of M such that N = M/R is free. The subject of investigation is the module ΔN = (ΔM + R) / R. We compute the index [N:ΔN] and construct bases of ΔN with the help of a basis of N. Finally, the results are applied to a special class of modules which is connected with the group of cyclotomic units.
    • Accelerating tumour growth aimulations on many-core architectures: a case study on the use of GPGPU within VPH

      Liu, Baoquan; Clapworthy, Gordon J.; Dong, Feng; Kolokotroni, Eleni; Stamatakos, Georgios (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2011-07)
    • Accelerating volume raycasting using proxy spheres

      Liu, Baoquan; Clapworthy, Gordon J.; Dong, Feng (Blackwell Publishing, 2009-07-27)
    • Access methods to WiMAX femtocells: a downlink system-level case study

      Lopez-Perez, David; Valcarce, Alvaro; De La Roche, Guillaume; Liu, Enjie; Zhang, Jie (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2008)
      Over the last two years, GSM and UMTS femtocell access points have been proposed as a solution to the poor indoor coverage problem experienced in certain areas. Research on these devices has shown that femtocells will not only increase indoor system coverage, but also system capacity. Femtocells will allow new services and business models to be offered to indoor users. Almost parallely, the WiMAX standard has emerged as a potential candidate technology for the future wireless networks. WiMAX femtocells are currently under development and will therefore play an important role in the world of indoor broadband wireless access. However, several aspects of this new technology, such as the access method and interference avoidance techniques play a crucial role in the amount of interference caused to co-channel deployed macrocells. This paper provides a framework for the study of WiMAX macro-femtocell hybrid scenarios. An in-depth description of the necessary radio coverage prediction and system-level simulation for this kind of scenarios is introduced. Simulations and numerical results for two different types of access methods (public and private) in the downlink are also presented.
    • Accessible and secure? design constraints on image and sound based passwords

      Gibson, Marcia; Conrad, Marc; Maple, Carsten; Renaud, Karen; University of Bedfordshire (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2010)
      When members of society cannot access the World Wide Web, or the information and services it contains in a meaningful or useful way, they can become digitally excluded. Many factors have been highlighted as having an effect on the likelihood of exclusion, including psychological, material and skills related barriers. In this paper, we consider the role played by authentication systems in the divide. In light of the widely researched tension between aspects of usability and security in authentication, we identify a number of conflicting accessibility and security goals as manifested in image and sound based schemes.
    • Accumulation of local maximum intensity for feature enhanced volume rendering

      Liang, Ronghua; Wu, Yunfei; Dong, Feng; Clapworthy, Gordon J. (Springer, 2012-06)
      Maximum Intensity Difference Accumulation (MIDA) combines the advantage of Direct Volume Rendering (DVR) and Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP). However, many features with local maximum intensity are still missing in the final rendering image. This paper presents a novel approach to focus on features with local maximum intensity within the dataset. Moving Least Squares (MLS) is used to smooth each ray profile during the raycasting in order to eliminate noise in the data and to highlight significant transition points on the profile. We then adopt a local minimum-point searching method to analyze the ray profile, and identify the transition points that mark the local maximum intensity points within the dataset. At the rendering stage, we implement a novel local intensity difference accumulation (LIDA) to accumulate the colors and opacity. Surface shading is introduced to improve the spatial cues of the features. We also employ tone-reduction to preserve the original local contrast. Our approach can highlight local features in the dataset without involving the adjustment of transfer functions. The experiments demonstrate high-quality rendering results at an interactive frame rate.
    • Achieving high data rate in multiband-OFDM UWB over power-line communication system

      Ur-Rehman, Masood; Wang, Shihua; Liu, Yanchao; Chen, Shuxian; Chen, Xiaodong; Parini, Clive G.; Queen Mary University, London (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2012)
      Theoretical studies indicate that a transmission data rate of up to gigabits per second can be achieved over low-voltage (LV) indoor power-line cables. Achieving a very high data rate (up to 480 Mb/s) is expected by applying WiMedia multiband-orthogonal frequency-divison multiplexing (MB-OFDM) standard for wireless ultra-wideband (UWB) communication over the power-line channel. However, the viability of this concept needs to be tested experimentally. This paper presents a novel design of demonstration system for the UWB over power-line communication technology. The demonstration system consists of an MB-OFDM UWB kit and is capable of transmitting very high data-rate signals over the LV power-line cables. It provides means to evaluate the performance of the UWB over power-line communication systems and analyze its viability in actual home networking scenarios.
    • Active robot learning for building up high-order beliefs

      Li, Dayou; Liu, Beisheng; Maple, Carsten; Jiang, Daming; Yue, Yong (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2008)
      High-order beliefs of service robots regard the robots' thought about their users' intention and preference. The existing approaches to the development of such beliefs through machine learning rely on particular social cues or specifically defined award functions. Their applications can, therefore, be limited. This paper presents an active robot learning approach to facilitate the robots to develop the beliefs by actively collecting/discovering evidence they need. The emphasis is on active learning. Hence social cues and award functions are not necessary. Simulations show that the presented approach successfully enabled a robot to discover evidences it needs.
    • Adaptive 3D-DCT based compression algorithms for integral images

      Mehanna, A.; Aggoun, Amar; Fatah, O. Abdul; Swash, M.R.; Tsekleves, Emmanuel; Brunel University; University of Bedfordshire (IEEE, 2013)
      This paper proposes a novel mean adaptive 3DDCT algorithm for 3D content to achieve the optimal result by trading of quality and compression of 3D image. The proposed method enables users to adjust the compression rate according to application areas by applying small blocks to the more detailing area (non -stationary regions) and larger blocks to the background or less details area (homogenous regions) [1]. This proposed method “Mean Adaptive 3D-DCT” is applied on Holoscopic 3D images also known as Integral Images. In addition, the experiment results prove the method is applicable to any 3D content.
    • Adaptive and autonomous power-saving scheme for beyond 3G  user equipment

      Ren, Weili; Liu, Enjie; Zhang, Jie (IET, 2013)
      Beyond 3G mobile networks will be data service centric. User equipment (UE) stays in the Connected State relatively long while supporting data services, so efficient power-saving mechanisms for the Connected State are becoming more significant in order to prolong battery life of a handset. Discontinuous reception (DRX) has been a dominant approach for power saving in the Idle State and Connected State. In this study, a novel counter-driven adaptive DRX (CDA-DRX) scheme is proposed and analysed. The CDA-DRX scheme is intended to present a generic and easy-to-implement algorithm to adaptively and autonomously adjust DRX cycle to keep up with changing user activity level. The scheme distinguishes itself from all other researches by minimising signalling overhead and easily balancing packet delivery latency and power consumption. Numerical analysis and system simulation showed that this scheme produces a better tuned DRX operation than the ones proposed in literature or suggested in the standards.
    • Adaptive antennas: the calibration problem

      Tyler, Neville; Allen, Ben; Aghvami, A.Hamid (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2004-12)
      Adaptive antennas are recognized as a means of increasing the performance of communications systems. However, practical realization of such systems relies on suitable calibration of distortion effects caused by the circuitry and antenna structures. This work presents a detailed analysis of the classes of distortion that degrade the performance of adaptive antennas. This uses the results of an adaptive antenna testbed employing an eight-element circular array to illustrate the impact of temperature on performance. Design techniques that aid calibration are then described. In particular, digital downconversion, array design, harmonic sampling, sample clock dither, and clock management are discussed as a means of designing an adaptive array with the calibration problem in mind.