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    Characteristics of near-nozzle spray development from a fouled GDI injector

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    Authors
    Zhou, Jianwei
    Pei, Yiqiang
    Peng, Zhijun
    Zhang, Yanfeng
    Qin, Jing
    Wang, Li
    Liu, Changwen
    Zhang, Xiaoyu
    Affiliation
    Tianjin University
    University of Bedfordshire
    Tianjin Agricultural University
    Issue Date
    2018-03-16
    Subjects
    tip wetting
    near-nozzle spray
    after-injection
    fouled injector
    ligament
    large droplet
    
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    Abstract
    The near-nozzle spray development of a typical fouled gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector was investigated. The fouled injector had been used in a stratified-charge combustion GDI engine and showed typical characteristics, such as accumulated deposits inside and around the nozzles and a reduced flow rate of 2.9–5.7%. Back-illumination and Mie-scattering methods were employed in spray experiments, in conjunction with a high speed camera and a macro lens, to assess the near-nozzle spray behaviors. The experimental results show that at all injection pressures tested, the interaction between deposits and spray led to several poor spray behaviors during the full injection evolution, including spray distortion, residual fuel storage in the nozzles and deposits layer, liquid splashing, the formation of ligament and large droplets and tip wetting/dripping. These effects all may result in high soot emissions. The after-injection stage of the fouled injector produced more liquid ligaments than that of the new injector. It was also found that high injection pressures did not improve atomization during after-injection, nor reduce the amounts of ligaments and droplet clusters beyond the main spray boundary. The plume width and projected spray area of a single nozzle in the fouled injector were decreased by 5–7% and 17–20%, respectively, due to fuel flow losses. The delays in the start of injection and end of injection were approximately 20 μs and 30–40 μs, respectively.
    Citation
    Zhou J., Pei Y., Peng Z., Zhang Y., Qin J., Wang L., Liu C., Zhang X. (2018) 'Characteristics of near-nozzle spray development from a fouled GDI injector', Fuel, 219 (), pp.17-29.
    Publisher
    Elsevier Ltd
    Journal
    Fuel
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10547/623931
    DOI
    10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.070
    Additional Links
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236118300802
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0016-2361
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.070
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Engineering

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