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    Risk factors of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence in South Asian countries: a systematic review of the evidence

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    Authors
    Mistry, Sabuj Kanti
    Puthussery, Shuby
    Affiliation
    University of Bedfordshire
    Issue Date
    2015-03
    Subjects
    adolescents
    children
    nutrition
    obesity
    overweight
    physical activity
    South Asia
    
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    Abstract
    Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess and synthesize the published evidence on risk factors of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence in South Asia. STUDY DESIGN: A systematically conducted narrative review. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted of all primary studies published between January 1990 and June 2013 from India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Maldives located through the following data bases: PubMed, PubMed central, EMBASE, MEDLINE, BioMed central, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and electronic libraries of the authors' institutions. Data extraction and quality appraisal of included studies was done independently by two authors and findings were synthesized in a narrative manner as meta-analysis was found to be inappropriate due to heterogeneity of the included studies. RESULTS: Eleven primary studies were included in the final review, all of which were conducted in school settings in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Prevalence of overweight and obesity showed wide variations in the included studies. The key individual risk factors with statistically significant associations to overweight and obesity included: lack of physical activities reported in six studies; prolonged TV watching/playing computer games reported in four studies; frequent consumption of fast food/junk food reported in four studies; and frequent consumption of calorie dense food items reported in two studies. Family level risk factors included higher socioeconomic status reported in four studies and family history of obesity reported in three studies. CONCLUSION: This review provides evidence of key contributors to the increasing burden of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents in South Asia, and demonstrates the nutritional transition that characterizes other developing countries and regions around the world. The findings have implications for policy, practice and the development of interventions at various levels to promote healthy eating and physical activity among children and adolescents in the region as well as more globally.
    Citation
    Mistry, S.K., Puthussery, S. (2015) 'Risk factors of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence in South Asian countries: a systematic review of the evidence'. Public Health 129 (3) pp 200-209
    Publisher
    Elsevier
    Journal
    Public Health
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10547/576441
    DOI
    10.1016/j.puhe.2014.12.004
    Additional Links
    http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0033350614003424
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0033-3506
    Sponsors
    We are grateful to the UK Department of International Development for supporting SK Mistry with a Commonwealth Scholarship for undertaking Master’s study in the University of Bedfordshire. The systematic review was undertaken within this programme of study.
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.puhe.2014.12.004
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