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    Amino-acid cycling drives nitrogen fixation in the legume–Rhizobium symbiosis

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    Authors
    Lodwig, Emma M.
    Hosie, Arthur H.F.
    Bourdes, Alex
    Findlay, K.
    Allaway, D.
    Karunakaran, R.
    Downie, J. A.
    Poole, Philip S.
    Issue Date
    2003
    Subjects
    amino-acid transporter
    rhizobium
    plant nodules
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The biological reduction of atmospheric N2 to ammonium (nitrogen fixation) provides about 65% of the biosphere's available nitrogen. Most of this ammonium is contributed by legume–rhizobia symbioses1, which are initiated by the infection of legume hosts by bacteria (rhizobia), resulting in formation of root nodules. Within the nodules, rhizobia are found as bacteroids, which perform the nitrogen fixation: to do this, they obtain sources of carbon and energy from the plant, in the form of dicarboxylic acids2, 3. It has been thought that, in return, bacteroids simply provide the plant with ammonium. But here the authors show that a more complex amino-acid cycle is essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium in pea nodules. The plant provides amino acids to the bacteroids, enabling them to shut down their ammonium assimilation. In return, bacteroids act like plant organelles to cycle amino acids back to the plant for asparagine synthesis. The mutual dependence of this exchange prevents the symbiosis being dominated by the plant, and provides a selective pressure for the evolution of mutualism.
    Citation
    Lodwig, E.M., Hosie, A.H.F., Bourdes, A. (2003) 'Amino-acid cycling drives nitrogen fixation in the legume–Rhizobium symbiosis', Nature, 422, pp.722-726
    Publisher
    Nature Publishing Group
    Journal
    Nature
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293977
    DOI
    10.1038/nature01527
    Additional Links
    http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nature01527
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    0028-0836
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/nature01527
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Cell and Cryobiology Research Group

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