2024-03-29T04:42:26Zhttp://uobrep.openrepository.com/oai/requestoai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/1986652018-04-02T20:53:34Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Chester, David K.
Duncan, Angus M.
University of Bedfordshire
2011-12-22T13:18:00Z
2011-12-22T13:18:00Z
2010
Chester, DK, Duncan, AM, James, PA 2010 Mount Etna, Silicy : landscape evolution and hazard responses in the pre-industrial era. In Landscapes and societies (ed P Martini), 235-253, Springer
9789048194124
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/198665
en
K320 Landscape studies
Mount Etna
landscape
natural disasters
volcanoes
Mount Etna, Sicily : landscape evolution and hazard responses in the pre-industrial era
Book chapter
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2252112020-04-23T08:39:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Coutinho, Rui
Chester, David K.
Wallenstein, Nicolau
Duncan, Angus M.
2012-05-22T10:12:07Z
2012-05-22T10:12:07Z
2010-10-01
Responses to, and the short and long-term impacts of, the 1957/1958 Capelinhos volcanic eruption and associated earthquake activity on Faial, Azores 2010, 196 (3-4):265-280 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
03770273
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.08.003
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225211
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, pp265-280
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377027310002490
Archived with thanks to Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Responses to, and the short and long-term impacts of, the 1957/1958 Capelinhos volcanic eruption and associated earthquake activity on Faial, Azores
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2251932020-04-23T08:39:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Guest, John E.
Duncan, Angus M.
Stofan, Ellen R.
Anderson, Steve W.
2012-05-22T10:27:04Z
2012-05-22T10:27:04Z
2012-03-15
Effect of slope on development of pahoehoe flow fields: evidence from Mount Etna 2012, 219-220: 52-62 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
03770273
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.01.006
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225193
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, pp52-62
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377027312000133
Archived with thanks to Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Effect of slope on development of pahoehoe flow fields: evidence from Mount Etna
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2249162017-10-31T13:15:02Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Jin, Ke
Xue, Chenyi
Wu, Xiaoli
Qian, Jinyi
Zhu, Yong
Yang, Zhen
Yonezawa, Takahiro
Crabbe, M. James C.
Cao, Ying
Hasegawa, Masami
Zhong, Yang
Zheng, Yufang
Laudet, Vincent
2012-05-21T10:24:56Z
2012-05-21T10:24:56Z
2011-07-27
Jin, K. et at (2011) 'Why Does the Giant Panda Eat Bamboo? A Comparative Analysis of Appetite-Reward-Related Genes among Mammals' 6 (7):e22602 PLoS ONE
1932-6203
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http://hdl.handle.net/10547/224916
PLoS ONE
en
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022602
Archived with thanks to PLoS ONE
Why does the giant panda eat bamboo? a comparative analysis of appetite-reward-related genes among mammals
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2251942017-10-31T13:16:03Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Eakin, C. Mark
Morgan, Jessica A.
Heron, Scott F.
Smith, Tyler B.
Liu, Gang
Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo
Baca, Bart
Bartels, Erich
Bastidas, Carolina
Bouchon, Claude
Brandt, Marilyn
Bruckner, Andrew W.
Bunkley-Williams, Lucy
Cameron, Andrew
Causey, Billy D.
Chiappone, Mark
Christensen, Tyler R. L.
Crabbe, M. James C.
Day, Owen
de la Guardia, Elena
Díaz-Pulido, Guillermo
DiResta, Daniel
Gil-Agudelo, Diego L.
Gilliam, David S.
Ginsburg, Robert N.
Gore, Shannon
Guzmán, Héctor M.
Hendee, James C.
Hernández-Delgado, Edwin A.
Husain, Ellen
Jeffrey, Christopher F. G.
Jones, Ross J.
Jordán-Dahlgren, Eric
Kaufman, Les S.
Kline, David I.
Kramer, Philip A.
Lang, Judith C.
Lirman, Diego
Mallela, Jennie
Manfrino, Carrie
Maréchal, Jean-Philippe
Marks, Ken
Mihaly, Jennifer
Miller, W. Jeff
Mueller, Erich M.
Muller, Erinn M.
Orozco Toro, Carlos A.
Oxenford, Hazel A.
Ponce-Taylor, Daniel
Quinn, Norman
Ritchie, Kim B.
Rodríguez, Sebastián
Ramírez, Alberto Rodríguez
Romano, Sandra
Samhouri, Jameal F.
Sánchez, Juan A.
Schmahl, George P.
Shank, Burton V.
Skirving, William J.
Steiner, Sascha C. C.
Villamizar, Estrella
Walsh, Sheila M.
Walter, Cory
Weil, Ernesto
Williams, Ernest H.
Roberson, Kimberly Woody
Yusuf, Yusri
Romanuk, Tamara Natasha
2012-05-22T10:34:25Z
2012-05-22T10:34:25Z
2010-11-15
Eakin, C.M et al (2010) 'Caribbean corals in crisis: record thermal stress, bleaching, and mortality in 2005', PLoS ONE 5 (11):e13969
1932-6203
10.1371/journal.pone.0013969
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225194
PLoS ONE
en
Public Library Science
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013969
Archived with thanks to PLoS ONE
Caribbean corals in crisis: record thermal stress, bleaching, and mortality in 2005
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2252122017-10-31T13:17:49Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Luo, R.
Wei, H.
Ye, L.
Wang, K.
Chen, F.
Luo, L.
Liu, L.
Li, Y.
Crabbe, M. James C.
Jin, L.
Li, Y.
Zhong, Y.
2012-05-22T10:43:11Z
2012-05-22T10:43:11Z
2009-01-20
Luo, R. et al (2009) 'Photosynthetic metabolism of C3 plants shows highly cooperative regulation under changing environments: A systems biological analysis' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (3):847-852
0027-8424
1091-6490
10.1073/pnas.0810731105
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225212
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
en
HighWire Press
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0810731105
Photosynthetic metabolism of C3 plants shows highly cooperative regulation under changing environments: a systems biological analysis
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2251352020-04-23T08:39:55Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2012-05-22T08:17:24Z
2012-05-22T08:17:24Z
2010-04
Topography and spatial arrangement of reef-building corals on the fringing reefs of North Jamaica may influence their response to disturbance from bleaching 2010, 69 (3):158-162 Marine Environmental Research
01411136
10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.09.007
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225135
Marine Environmental Research
en
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S014111360900124X
Topography and spatial arrangement of reef-building corals on the fringing reefs of North Jamaica may influence their response to disturbance from bleaching
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2251512017-10-31T13:16:45Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2012-05-22T08:37:58Z
2012-05-22T08:37:58Z
2010-08
Computational Biology Approaches to Plant Metabolism and Photosynthesis: applications for Corals in times of climate change and environmental Stress Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010, 52 (8) pp. 698-703
16729072
10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00962.x
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225151
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
en
Elsevier
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00962.x
Computational biology approaches to plant metabolism and photosynthesis: applications for corals in times of climate change and environmental stress
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2251922020-04-23T08:39:56Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Chester, David K.
Duncan, Angus M.
Sangster, Heather
2012-05-22T10:21:19Z
2012-05-22T10:21:19Z
2012-05-01
Human responses to eruptions of Etna (Sicily) during the late-pre-industrial era and their implications for present-day disaster planning 2012, 225-226: 65-80 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
03770273
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.02.017
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225192
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, pp65-80
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377027312000546
Archived with thanks to Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Human responses to eruptions of Etna (Sicily) during the late-Pre-Industrial era and their implications for present-day disaster planning
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2252732012-05-22T13:55:15Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Chester, David K.
Duncan, Angus M.
2012-05-22T12:55:15Z
2012-05-22T12:55:15Z
2009
The Bible, theodicy and Christian responses to historic and contemporary earthquakes and volcanic eruptions 2009, 8 (4):304-332 Environmental Hazards
17477891
18780059
10.3763/ehaz.2009.0025
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225273
Environmental Hazards, pp.304-332
en
Taylor and Francis
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3763/ehaz.2009.0025
Archived with thanks to Environmental Hazards
The Bible, theodicy and Christian responses to historic and contemporary earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2252912016-01-15T13:00:10Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Szymanski, Mateusz
Porter, Robert
Dep, Gowri V.
Wang, Yuanyang
Haggett, Barry G.D.
2012-05-22T12:54:20Z
2012-05-22T12:54:20Z
2011
Szymanski, M. (2011) 'Silver nanoparticles and magnetic beads with electrochemical measurement as a platform for immunosensing devices' Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 13 (12):5383-5387
1463-9076
1463-9084
10.1039/c1cp20187e
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225291
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
en
Royal Society of Chemistry
http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=c1cp20187e
Silver nanoparticles and magnetic beads with electrochemical measurement as a platform for immunosensing devices
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2253382020-04-23T08:39:53Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Chester, David K.
Duncan, Angus M.
2012-05-22T16:25:50Z
2012-05-22T16:25:50Z
2010-04
Responding to disasters within the Christian tradition, with reference to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes 2010, 40 (2):85-95 Religion
0048-721X
1096-1151
10.1016/j.religion.2009.12.005
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/225338
Religion, pp.85-95
en
Academic Press
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1016/j.religion.2009.12.005
Archived with thanks to Religion
Responding to disasters within the Christian tradition, with reference to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2280522016-01-15T12:46:18Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Talhinhas, Pedro
Mota-Capitão, C.
Martins, S.
Ramos, A.P.
Neves-Martins, João
Guerra-Guimarães, L.
Várzea, V.
Silva, M.C.
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
Oliveira, Helena
2012-06-08T11:00:07Z
2012-06-08T11:00:07Z
2011-06
Talhinhas, P. et al (2011) 'Epidemiology, histopathology and aetiology of olive anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides in Portugal' Plant Pathology 60 (3):483-495
0032-0862
10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02397.x
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/228052
Plant Pathology, pp.483-495
en
Wiley-Blackwell
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02397.x
anthracnose
fungicide treatment
plant disease management
Epidemiology, histopathology and aetiology of olive anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides in Portugal
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2279982012-06-19T11:46:19Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Talhinhas, Pedro
Neves-Martins, João
Oliveira, Helena
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
2012-06-08T08:27:36Z
2012-06-08T08:27:36Z
2009-07
The distinctive population structure of Colletotrichum species associated with olive anthracnose in the Algarve region of Portugal reflects a host-pathogen diversity hot spot 2009, 296 (1):31-38 FEMS Microbiology Letters
03781097
15746968
10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01613.x
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/227998
FEMS Microbiology Letters, pp.31-38
en
Wiley-Blackwell
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01613.x
Archived with thanks to FEMS Microbiology Letters
anthracnose
plant disease management
The distinctive population structure of Colletotrichum species associated with olive anthracnose in the Algarve region of Portugal reflects a host-pathogen diversity hot spot
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2279992016-01-15T12:44:46Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Rogers, C.W.
Challen, M.P.
Muthumeenakshi, S.
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
Whipps, J.M.
2012-06-08T08:33:23Z
2012-06-08T08:33:23Z
2008-06
Rogers, C.W., Challen, M.P., Muthumeenakshi, S., Sreenivasaprasad, S., Whipps, J.M. (2008) 'Disruption of the Coniothyrium minitans PIF1 DNA helicase gene impairs growth and capacity for sclerotial mycoparasitism' Microbiology 154 (6):1628-1636
1350-0872
1465-2080
10.1099/mic.0.2008/017020-0
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/227999
Microbiology
en
Society for General Microbiology
http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1099/mic.0.2008/017020-0
mitochondrial DNA
nuclear exportation signal
PhlR, phleomycin-resistant
restriction enzyme-mediated DNA integration
reactive oxygen species
scanning electron microscopy
Disruption of the Coniothyrium minitans PIF1 DNA helicase gene impairs growth and capacity for sclerotial mycoparasitism
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2279972012-06-08T09:24:55Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Stafford, Richard
Williams, Gray A.
Davies, Mark S.
de Polavieja, Gonzalo G.
2012-06-08T08:24:54Z
2012-06-08T08:24:54Z
2011-07-28
Robustness of Self-Organised Systems to Changes in Behaviour: An Example from Real and Simulated Self-Organised Snail Aggregations 2011, 6 (7):e22743 PLoS ONE
1932-6203
10.1371/journal.pone.0022743
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/227997
PLoS ONE
en
Public Library of Science
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022743
Archived with thanks to PLoS ONE
Robustness of Self-Organised Systems to Changes in Behaviour: An Example from Real and Simulated Self-Organised Snail Aggregations
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2280122012-06-15T11:40:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Stafford, Richard
Hart, Adam G.
Collins, Laura
Kirkhope, Claire L.
Williams, Rachel L.
Rees, Samuel G.
Lloyd, Jane R.
Goodenough, Anne Elizabeth
Gratwicke, Brian
2012-06-08T08:03:29Z
2012-06-08T08:03:29Z
2010-12-17
Eu-social science: the role of Internet social networks in the collection of bee biodiversity data 2010, 5 (12):e14381 PLoS ONE
1932-6203
10.1371/journal.pone.0014381
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/228012
PLoS ONE
en
Public Library of Science
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014381
Archived with thanks to PLoS ONE
Eu-social science: the role of Internet social networks in the collection of bee biodiversity data
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2279962012-06-08T08:59:05Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Goodenough, Anne Elizabeth
Hart, Adam G.
Stafford, Richard
2012-06-08T07:59:05Z
2012-06-08T07:59:05Z
2010-10
Is adjustment of breeding phenology keeping pace with the need for change? Linking observed response in woodland birds to changes in temperature and selection pressure 2010, 102 (3-4):687-697 Climatic Change
0165-0009
1573-1480
10.1007/s10584-010-9932-4
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/227996
Climatic Change, pp.687-697
en
Springer
http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10584-010-9932-4
Archived with thanks to Climatic Change
Is adjustment of breeding phenology keeping pace with the need for change? Linking observed response in woodland birds to changes in temperature and selection pressure
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2279952020-04-23T08:39:58Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Hart, Adam G.
Stafford, Richard
Smith, Angela L.
Goodenough, Anne Elizabeth
2012-06-08T07:57:54Z
2012-06-08T07:57:54Z
2010-02-09
Evidence for contemporary evolution during Darwin's lifetime 2010, 20 (3):R95 Current Biology
09609822
10.1016/j.cub.2009.12.010
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/227995
Current Biology, pp.R95
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960982209021290
Archived with thanks to Current Biology
evolution
Charles Darwin
Evidence for contemporary evolution during Darwin's lifetime
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2282932020-04-23T08:42:08Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Zampolla, Tiziana
Spikings, Emma
Rawson, David M.
Zhang, Tiantian
University of Bedfordshire
2012-06-11T08:25:43Z
2012-06-11T08:25:43Z
2011-10-01
Zampolla, T., Spikings, E., Rawson, D.M., Zhang, T. (2011) 'Cytoskeleton proteins F-actin and tubulin distribution and interaction with mitochondria in the granulosa cells surrounding stage III zebrafish (Danio rerio) oocytes' Theriogenology 76 (6):1110-1119
1879-3231
21752457
10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.05.018
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/228293
Theriogenology
The distributional arrangement of mitochondria in the granulosa cells surrounding stage III zebrafish oocyte has been reported as a contiguous aggregation of mitochondria at the margin of the each granulosa cell. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the mitochondrial distribution in the granulosa cell layer in stage III ovarian follicles and the interaction between mitochondria and cytoskeleton elements actin and tubulin. To determine mitochondrial distribution/transport, immunocytochemistry analysis of tubulin and mitochondrial COX-I was carried out along with phalloidin staining of polymerised F-actin. The follicles were also exposed to a range of conditions that are known to affect mitochondria and the cytoskeleton proteins actin and tubulin. The mitochondrial inhibitor FCCP, the anti-mitotic drug nocodazole, and actin polymerisation inhibitor cytochalasin B were used. Levels of ATP, mtDNA copy number, and viability assessed by Trypan blue were also studied after exposure to inhibitors in order to determine the relationship between mitochondrial distribution/activity and ATP production. F-actin showed a hexagonal-polygonal distribution surrounding the mitochondria in granulosa cells, with the F-actin network adjacent to the plasma membrane of each granulosa cell. Tubulin structure presented a less organised distribution than F-actin, it was sparse in the cytosol. Interaction between mitochondria and tubulin was found indicating that mitochondria and tubulin are colocalised in zebrafish ovarian follicles. The exposure of ovarian follicles to inhibitors induced the loss of mitochondrial structural integrity showing that mitochondria distribution in granulosa cells of stage III zebrafish ovarian follicles is determined by the microtubules network.
en
Elsevier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21752457
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0093691X11002524
cytoskeletonproteins
zebrafish
ovarian follicle
mitochondria
Actins
Adenosine Triphosphate
Animals
Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone
Cytochalasin B
DNA, Mitochondrial
Female
Gene Dosage
Granulosa Cells
Mitochondria
Nocodazole
Oocytes
Ovarian Follicle
Tubulin
Zebrafish
Cytoskeleton proteins F-actin and tubulin distribution and interaction with mitochondria in the granulosa cells surrounding stage III zebrafish (Danio rerio) oocytes
ArticleThe distributional arrangement of mitochondria in the granulosa cells surrounding stage III zebrafish oocyte has been reported as a contiguous aggregation of mitochondria at the margin of the each granulosa cell. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the mitochondrial distribution in the granulosa cell layer in stage III ovarian follicles and the interaction between mitochondria and cytoskeleton elements actin and tubulin. To determine mitochondrial distribution/transport, immunocytochemistry analysis of tubulin and mitochondrial COX-I was carried out along with phalloidin staining of polymerised F-actin. The follicles were also exposed to a range of conditions that are known to affect mitochondria and the cytoskeleton proteins actin and tubulin. The mitochondrial inhibitor FCCP, the anti-mitotic drug nocodazole, and actin polymerisation inhibitor cytochalasin B were used. Levels of ATP, mtDNA copy number, and viability assessed by Trypan blue were also studied after exposure to inhibitors in order to determine the relationship between mitochondrial distribution/activity and ATP production. F-actin showed a hexagonal-polygonal distribution surrounding the mitochondria in granulosa cells, with the F-actin network adjacent to the plasma membrane of each granulosa cell. Tubulin structure presented a less organised distribution than F-actin, it was sparse in the cytosol. Interaction between mitochondria and tubulin was found indicating that mitochondria and tubulin are colocalised in zebrafish ovarian follicles. The exposure of ovarian follicles to inhibitors induced the loss of mitochondrial structural integrity showing that mitochondria distribution in granulosa cells of stage III zebrafish ovarian follicles is determined by the microtubules network.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2283192020-04-23T08:41:04Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Spikings, Emma
Zampolla, Tiziana
Rawson, David M.
Wang, Y.
Zhang, Tiantian
University of Bedfordshire
China Agricultural University
2012-06-11T10:35:33Z
2012-06-11T10:35:33Z
2012-01-01
Spikings, E., Zampolla, T., Rawson, D.M., Wang, Y., Zhang, T. (2012) 'Effect of methanol on mitochondrial organization in zebrafish (Danio rerio) ovarian follicles' Theriogenology 77 (1):28-38
1879-3231
21855987
10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.07.009
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/228319
Theriogenology
Successful cryopreservation is usually measured in terms of cell survival. However, there may also be more subtle effects within cells that survive. Previous studies on zebrafish have produced evidence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in cryopreserved embryonic blastomeres and, after exposure to cryoprotectants, alterations in mtDNA replication in embryos and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mtDNA and ATP production in ovarian follicles. This study shows that the decreased ATP levels previously observed in stage III zebrafish ovarian follicles exposed to ≥3 M methanol persisted in those follicles that subsequently developed to stage IV. However, the decreased mtDNA levels were restored in those follicles. In order to determine whether mitochondrial distribution and/or their transport network was affected by the methanol exposure, immunocytochemistry analysis of tubulin and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COX-I) was performed, along with phalloidin staining of polymerized actin. Neat arrangements of all proteins were observed in control follicles, with COX-I and tubulin being colocalized near granulosa cell nuclei, while actin formed hexagonal and/or polygonal structures nearer granulosa cell membranes and projected into the oocyte surface. Exposure to methanol (2 to 4 M) disrupted the COX-I and tubulin arrangements and the hexagonal and/or polygonal actin distribution and actin projections into the oocyte. These effects were still observed in those follicles that developed to stage IV, although the severity was reduced. In summary, the disruption to function and distribution of mitochondria in ovarian follicles exposed to >2 M methanol may be mediated via disruption of the mitochondrial transport system. Some recovery of this disruption may take place after methanol removal and subsequent follicle maturation.
en
Elsevier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21855987
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0093691X11003281
mitochondria
cryoprotectant
zebrafish
ovarian follicle
cryobiology
Effect of methanol on mitochondrial organization in zebrafish (Danio rerio) ovarian follicles.
ArticleSuccessful cryopreservation is usually measured in terms of cell survival. However, there may also be more subtle effects within cells that survive. Previous studies on zebrafish have produced evidence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in cryopreserved embryonic blastomeres and, after exposure to cryoprotectants, alterations in mtDNA replication in embryos and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mtDNA and ATP production in ovarian follicles. This study shows that the decreased ATP levels previously observed in stage III zebrafish ovarian follicles exposed to ≥3 M methanol persisted in those follicles that subsequently developed to stage IV. However, the decreased mtDNA levels were restored in those follicles. In order to determine whether mitochondrial distribution and/or their transport network was affected by the methanol exposure, immunocytochemistry analysis of tubulin and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COX-I) was performed, along with phalloidin staining of polymerized actin. Neat arrangements of all proteins were observed in control follicles, with COX-I and tubulin being colocalized near granulosa cell nuclei, while actin formed hexagonal and/or polygonal structures nearer granulosa cell membranes and projected into the oocyte surface. Exposure to methanol (2 to 4 M) disrupted the COX-I and tubulin arrangements and the hexagonal and/or polygonal actin distribution and actin projections into the oocyte. These effects were still observed in those follicles that developed to stage IV, although the severity was reduced. In summary, the disruption to function and distribution of mitochondria in ovarian follicles exposed to >2 M methanol may be mediated via disruption of the mitochondrial transport system. Some recovery of this disruption may take place after methanol removal and subsequent follicle maturation.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2287522020-04-23T08:42:55Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Desai, Kunjan
Spikings, Emma
Zhang, Tiantian
University of Bedfordshire
2012-06-13T11:02:35Z
2012-06-13T11:02:35Z
2011-10
Desai, K., Spikings, E., Zhang, T. (2011) 'Effect of chilling on sox2, sox3 and sox19a gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos' Cryobiology 63 (2):96-103
1090-2392
21820425
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2011.07.001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/228752
Cryobiology
Zebrafish embryos have not been cryopreserved due to their structural limitations. Although embryo survival rates have been used as the measured outcome for most of the cryopreservation protocols studied, there are very limited data available at the molecular level. This study focused on the effect of chilling and subsequent warming on gene expression of sox2, sox3 and sox19a which play vital roles in the development of zebrafish embryos. A quantitative RT-PCR approach was used to investigate gene expression following chilling at 0°C for up to 180 min. The effect on gene expression was also studied during a 180 min warming period after chilling for 30 or 60 min. There were significant decreases in sox2 (up to 4-fold) and sox3 (up to 3-fold) expressions following chilling. Significant increases in gene expressions of sox2 (up to 2-fold), sox3 (up to 33-fold) and sox19a (up to 25-fold) were observed during warming in the embryos that had been chilled for 30 min. Similarly, significant increases were observed in sox2 (up to 3-fold) and sox3 (up to 2-fold) during warming in embryos that had been chilled for 60 min. These increases may be explained by compensation for the suppression observed during chilling and/or to activate repair mechanisms or maintain homeostasis.
en
Elsevier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21820425
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011224011001167
zebrafish
embryos
chilling
gene expression
sox genes
warming
cryobiology
Danio rerio
Animals
Cold Temperature
Cryopreservation
Embryo, Nonmammalian
Gene Expression
SOX Transcription Factors
SOXB1 Transcription Factors
Zebrafish
Zebrafish Proteins
Effect of chilling on sox2, sox3 and sox19a gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
ArticleZebrafish embryos have not been cryopreserved due to their structural limitations. Although embryo survival rates have been used as the measured outcome for most of the cryopreservation protocols studied, there are very limited data available at the molecular level. This study focused on the effect of chilling and subsequent warming on gene expression of sox2, sox3 and sox19a which play vital roles in the development of zebrafish embryos. A quantitative RT-PCR approach was used to investigate gene expression following chilling at 0°C for up to 180 min. The effect on gene expression was also studied during a 180 min warming period after chilling for 30 or 60 min. There were significant decreases in sox2 (up to 4-fold) and sox3 (up to 3-fold) expressions following chilling. Significant increases in gene expressions of sox2 (up to 2-fold), sox3 (up to 33-fold) and sox19a (up to 25-fold) were observed during warming in the embryos that had been chilled for 30 min. Similarly, significant increases were observed in sox2 (up to 3-fold) and sox3 (up to 2-fold) during warming in embryos that had been chilled for 60 min. These increases may be explained by compensation for the suppression observed during chilling and/or to activate repair mechanisms or maintain homeostasis.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2367972012-11-09T10:44:23Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Takan, J.P.
Chipili, J.
Muthumeenakshi, S.
Talbot, N.J.
Manyasa, E.O.
Bandyopadhyay, R.
Sere, Y.
Nutsugah, S.K.
Talhinhas, Pedro
Hossain, M.
Brown, A.E.
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
2012-08-01T08:38:18Z
2012-08-01T08:38:18Z
2012-02
Takan, J.P, Chipili, J, Muthumeenakshi, S, Talbot, N.J, Manyasa, E.O, Bandyopadhyay, R, Sere, Y, Nutsugah, S.K, Talhinhas, P, Hossain, M, Brown, A.E, Sreenivasaprasad, S. (2012) " Magnaporthe oryzae populations adapted to finger millet and rice exhibit distinctive patterns of genetic diversity, sexuality and host interaction", Molecular Biotechnology, 50 (2), pp.145-158.
1073-6085
1559-0305
10.1007/s12033-011-9429-z
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/236797
Molecular Biotechnology
en
Humana Press
http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s12033-011-9429-z
Archived with thanks to Molecular Biotechnology
Magnaporthe oryzae
genetic diversity
Magnaporthe oryzae populations adapted to finger millet and rice exhibit distinctive patterns of genetic diversity, sexuality and host interaction
Article
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2509582020-04-23T07:29:08Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Whipps, J.M.
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
Muthumeenakshi, S.
Rogers, C.W.
Challen, M.P.
2012-11-05T12:27:08Z
2012-11-05T12:27:08Z
2008-07
Whipps, J.M., Sreenivasaprasad, S., Muthumeenakshi, S., Rogers, C.W., and Challen, M.P. (2008) 'Use of Coniothyrium Minitans as a biocontrol agent and some molecular aspects of sclerotial mycoparasitism', European Journal of Plant Pathology, 121 (3), pp323-330.
0929-1873
1573-8469
10.1007/s10658-007-9238-1
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/250958
European Journal of Plant Pathology
he use of the sclerotial mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans as a biological control agent of diseases caused by sclerotium-forming pathogens especially Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is briefly reviewed. A number of studies have examined production and application methods, integrated control, ecology, and modes of action in order to understand the biology of the mycoparasite and enhance activity and reproducibility of use. Recently, development of a number of molecular-based techniques has begun to allow the examination of genes involved in mycoparasitism. Some of these procedures have been applied to identify pathogenicity genes involved in the infection of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum by C. minitans and this work is discussed.
en
Springer
http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s10658-007-9238-1
Archived with thanks to European Journal of Plant Pathology
Use of Coniothyrium minitans as a biocontrol agent and some molecular aspects of sclerotial mycoparasitism
Articlehe use of the sclerotial mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans as a biological control agent of diseases caused by sclerotium-forming pathogens especially Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is briefly reviewed. A number of studies have examined production and application methods, integrated control, ecology, and modes of action in order to understand the biology of the mycoparasite and enhance activity and reproducibility of use. Recently, development of a number of molecular-based techniques has begun to allow the examination of genes involved in mycoparasitism. Some of these procedures have been applied to identify pathogenicity genes involved in the infection of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum by C. minitans and this work is discussed.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939262020-04-23T07:29:53Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T14:48:15Z
2013-06-13T14:48:15Z
2008
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2008) 'Influence of Macroalgal cover on coral colony growth rates on fringing reefs of Discovery Bay, Jamaica: a letter report', The Open Marine Biology Journal, 2 (1), pp.1-6
18744508
10.2174/1874450800802010001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293926
The Open Marine Biology Journal
This study investigated the hypothesis that alterations in macroalgal cover significantly influenced the growth rates of coral colonies on the fringing reefs of Discovery Bay, Jamaica. For colonies of Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides, and Sidastrea siderea, radial growth rates were significantly (p<0.02) higher at Dairy Bull (where Diadema antillarum had removed macroalgal cover) than at either M1 or Rio Bueno (where there was c. 80% macroalgal cover). For colonies of Colpophyllia natans and Montastrea fankseii, radial growth rates were significantly (p<0.02) higher at Dairy Bull than at Rio Bueno. It has been suggested that macroalgal shading as well as contact is a significant inhibitor of coral growth, and our results are in accord with that hypothesis. These studies suggest that marine park managers should foster macroalgal predation wherever possible, in order to limit the irreversible decline of coral reefs.
en
Bentham Open
http://benthamscience.com/open/openaccess.php?tombj/articles/V002/1TOMBJ.htm
Archived with thanks to The Open Marine Biology Journal
macroalgal shading
coral growth
coral growth rates
Jamaica
Influence of macroalgal cover on coral colony growth rates on fringing reefs of Discovery Bay, Jamaica: a letter report
ArticleThis study investigated the hypothesis that alterations in macroalgal cover significantly influenced the growth rates of coral colonies on the fringing reefs of Discovery Bay, Jamaica. For colonies of Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides, and Sidastrea siderea, radial growth rates were significantly (p<0.02) higher at Dairy Bull (where Diadema antillarum had removed macroalgal cover) than at either M1 or Rio Bueno (where there was c. 80% macroalgal cover). For colonies of Colpophyllia natans and Montastrea fankseii, radial growth rates were significantly (p<0.02) higher at Dairy Bull than at Rio Bueno. It has been suggested that macroalgal shading as well as contact is a significant inhibitor of coral growth, and our results are in accord with that hypothesis. These studies suggest that marine park managers should foster macroalgal predation wherever possible, in order to limit the irreversible decline of coral reefs.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939392020-04-23T07:29:52Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T11:24:51Z
2013-06-13T11:24:51Z
2011
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2011) 'Coral resilience on the reefs of Jamaica', Underwater Technology, 30 (2), pp.65-70
1756-0543
1756-0551
10.3723/ut.30.065
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293939
Underwater Technology: The International Journal of the Society for Underwater
Awareness of important factors for coral reef growth helps reveal how reef ecosystems react following major anthropogenic and environmental disturbances. Physical measurements by SCUBA divers, together with an underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV), have been used to study environmental and climate effects on corals on fringing reefs in Jamaica. The period of this study, from 2002 to 2008, covers the major Caribbean-wide bleaching event of 2005. For 624 non-branching corals at Rio Bueno and Dairy Bull reef near Discovery Bay on the north coast of Jamaica, skewness values for coral populations at the two sites showed generally positive values, indicating that small colonies predominated over large colonies.
en
Society for Underwater Technology
http://openurl.ingenta.com/content/xref?genre=article&issn=1756-0543&volume=30&issue=2&spage=65
Archived with thanks to Underwater Technology: The International Journal of the Society for Underwater
Coral resilience on the reefs of Jamaica
ArticleAwareness of important factors for coral reef growth helps reveal how reef ecosystems react following major anthropogenic and environmental disturbances. Physical measurements by SCUBA divers, together with an underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV), have been used to study environmental and climate effects on corals on fringing reefs in Jamaica. The period of this study, from 2002 to 2008, covers the major Caribbean-wide bleaching event of 2005. For 624 non-branching corals at Rio Bueno and Dairy Bull
reef near Discovery Bay on the north coast of Jamaica, skewness values for coral populations at the two sites showed generally positive values, indicating that small colonies predominated over large colonies.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939242020-04-23T07:29:52Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Yang, Zhen
Dong, Dong
Zhang, Zhaolei
Crabbe, M. James C.
Wang, Li
Zhong, Yang
2013-06-13T13:55:34Z
2013-06-13T13:55:34Z
2012
Yang, Z.; Dong, D.; Zhang,Z.; Crabbe, M.J.C.; Wang, L. and Zhong, Y. (2012) 'Preferential regulation of stably expressed genes in the human genome suggests a widespread expression buffering role of microRNAs', BMC Genomics, 13(Suppl.7):S14
1471-2164
10.1186/1471-2164-13-S7-S14
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293924
BMC Genomics
In this study, we comprehensively explored the stably expressed genes (SE genes) and fluctuant genes (FL genes) in the human genome by a meta-analysis of large scale microarray data. We found that these genes have distinct function distributions. miRNA targets are shown to be significantly enriched in SE genes by using propensity analysis of miRNA regulation, supporting the hypothesis that miRNAs can buffer whole genome expression fluctuation. The expression-buffering effect of miRNA is independent of the target site number within the 3'-untranslated region. In addition, we found that gene expression fluctuation is positively correlated with the number of transcription factor binding sites in the promoter region, which suggests that coordination between transcription factors and miRNAs leads to balanced responses to external perturbations.
en
BioMed Central
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186%2F1471-2164-13-S7-S14
life sciences
plant genetics
genomics
Preferential regulation of stably expressed genes in the human genome suggests a widespread expression buffering role of microRNAs
ArticleIn this study, we comprehensively explored the stably expressed genes (SE genes) and fluctuant genes (FL genes) in the human genome by a meta-analysis of large scale microarray data. We found that these genes have distinct function distributions. miRNA targets are shown to be significantly enriched in SE genes by using propensity analysis of miRNA regulation, supporting the hypothesis that miRNAs can buffer whole genome expression fluctuation. The expression-buffering effect of miRNA is independent of the target site number within the 3'-untranslated region. In addition, we found that gene expression fluctuation is positively correlated with the number of transcription factor binding sites in the promoter region, which suggests that coordination between transcription factors and miRNAs leads to balanced responses to external perturbations.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939412020-04-23T07:29:55Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
Mendes, Judith M.
Warner, George F.
2013-06-13T13:20:19Z
2013-06-13T13:20:19Z
2002
Crabbe, M.J.C.; Mendes, J.M. & Warner, G.F. (2002) 'Lack of recruitment of non-branching corals in Discovery Bay is linked to severe storms', Bulletin of Marine Science, 70 (3),pp.939-945
0007-4977
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293941
Bulletin of Marine Science
We developed a rational polynomial function model for coral colony growth which proved a better fit than exponential logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy models. We tested the models with published coral weight growth data, and with new growth band data with Montastraea annularis samples. There was good correlation (r = 0.92, P < 0.01) between rates of growth and the degree of the polynomial, and this related to coral morphology, where n = 1 for non-branching corals, n = 2 for plate coral and n = 3 for branching species. We used this model to verify growth rates when we measured the surface areas and calculated recruitment dates of 438 non-branching corals in sites around Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Recruitment was significantly lower in 1980, 1951 and 1944 than in other years since 1940. This low recruitment coincided with the severest storms since 1940. There was a significant negative correlation (r = −0.72, P < 0.01) between recruitment estimates and storm severity. The severest storms resulted in significantly (P < 0.002) lower recruitment estimates. We show here that severe storm damage not only destroys branching corals, it also results in limiting non-branching coral recruitment.
en
University of Miami - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/2002/00000070/00000003/art00012
Lack of recruitment of non-branching corals in Discovery Bay is linked to severe storms
ArticleWe developed a rational polynomial function model for coral colony growth which proved a better fit than exponential logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy models. We tested the models with published coral weight growth data, and with new growth band data with Montastraea annularis samples. There was good correlation (r = 0.92, P < 0.01) between rates of growth and the degree of the polynomial, and this related to coral morphology, where n = 1 for non-branching corals, n = 2 for plate coral and n = 3 for branching species. We used this model to verify growth rates when we measured the surface areas and calculated recruitment dates of 438 non-branching corals in sites around Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Recruitment was significantly lower in 1980, 1951 and 1944 than in other years since 1940. This low recruitment coincided with the severest storms since 1940. There was a significant negative correlation (r = −0.72, P < 0.01) between recruitment estimates and storm severity. The severest storms resulted in significantly (P < 0.002) lower recruitment estimates. We show here that severe storm damage not only destroys branching corals, it also results in limiting non-branching coral recruitment.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939992020-04-23T08:39:55Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-14T13:20:40Z
2013-06-14T13:20:40Z
2008
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2008) 'Climate change, global warming and coral reefs: modelling the effects of temperature', Computational Biology and Chemistry, 32(5), pp.311-314
14769271
10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2008.04.001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293999
Computational Biology and Chemistry
Climate change and global warming have severe consequences for the survival of scleractinian (reef-building) corals and their associated ecosystems. This review summarizes recent literature on the influence of temperature on coral growth, coral bleaching, and modelling the effects of high temperature on corals. Satellite-based sea surface temperature (SST) and coral bleaching information available on the internet is an important tool in monitoring and modelling coral responses to temperature. Within the narrow temperature range for coral growth, corals can respond to rate of temperature change as well as to temperature per se. We need to continue to develop models of how non-steady-state processes such as global warming and climate change will affect coral reefs.
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1476927108000455
coral growth
symbiosis
Great Barrier Reef
SST
scleractinian
Climate change, global warming and coral reefs: modelling the effects of temperature
ArticleClimate change and global warming have severe consequences for the survival of scleractinian (reef-building) corals and their associated ecosystems. This review summarizes recent literature on the influence of temperature on coral growth, coral bleaching, and modelling the effects of high temperature on corals. Satellite-based sea surface temperature (SST) and coral bleaching information available on the internet is an important tool in monitoring and modelling coral responses to temperature. Within the narrow temperature range for coral growth, corals can respond to rate of temperature change as well as to temperature per se. We need to continue to develop models of how non-steady-state processes such as global warming and climate change will affect coral reefs.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939292020-04-23T07:29:53Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T16:15:53Z
2013-06-13T16:15:53Z
2009
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2009) 'Linking the ceramic industry, creativity and education in Jingdezhen, China: given at the First British Ceramics Biennial Conference Artists into Industry at the Wedgwood Museum in Stoke-on-Trent, October 2009', Creative Industries Journal, 2(3), pp.305-311
1751-0694
1751-0708
10.1386/cij.2.3.305_7
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293929
Creative Industries Journal
From 3 October to 13 December 2009, Stoke-on-Trent hosted the first British Ceramics Biennial. This grew from the legacy of the Stoke Ceramics Festival, setting ambitious aims as a festival and as an ongoing part of the city. A conference on ‘Artists into Industry’ at the Wedgwood Museum formed an important part of the Festival, where this article was presented.
en
Intellect
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/intellect/cij/2009/00000002/00000003/art00009
Linking the ceramic industry, creativity and education in Jingdezhen, China: given at the First British Ceramics Biennial Conference Artists into Industry at the Wedgwood Museum in Stoke-on-Trent, October 2009
ArticleFrom 3 October to 13 December 2009, Stoke-on-Trent hosted the first
British Ceramics Biennial. This grew from the legacy of the Stoke Ceramics
Festival, setting ambitious aims as a festival and as an ongoing part of
the city. A conference on ‘Artists into Industry’ at the Wedgwood Museum
formed an important part of the Festival, where this article was
presented.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939492020-04-23T07:29:53Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Mills, D.J.S.
Tuohy, K.M.
Booth, J.
Buck, M.
Crabbe, M. James C.
Gibson, G.R.
Ames, J.M.
2013-06-13T15:38:03Z
2013-06-13T15:38:03Z
2008
Mills, D.J.S.; Tuohy, K.M.; Booth, J.; Buck, M.; Crabbe, M.J.C.; Gibson, G.R. and Ames, J.M. (2008) 'Dietary glycated protein modulates the colonic microbiota towards a more detrimental composition in ulcerative colitis patients and non-ulcerative colitis subjects', Journal of Applied Microbiology, 105(3), pp.706-714
1364-5072
1365-2672
18399977
10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03783.x
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293949
Journal of Applied Microbiology
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of native, heated and glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the ulcerative colitis (UC) and non-UC colonic microbiota in vitro. Results suggest that dietary glycated protein may impact upon the composition and activity of the colonic microbiota, an important environmental variable in UC.
en
Wiley-Blackwell
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18399977
colonic microbiota
glycated protein
short-chain fatty acids
ulcerative colitis
sulfate-reducing bacteria
Dietary glycated protein modulates the colonic microbiota towards a more detrimental composition in ulcerative colitis patients and non-ulcerative colitis subjects
ArticleThe aim of the study was to investigate the effect of native, heated and glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the ulcerative colitis (UC) and non-UC colonic microbiota in vitro. Results suggest that dietary glycated protein may impact upon the composition and activity of the colonic microbiota, an important environmental variable in UC.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939472020-04-23T07:29:51Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Zheng, Weiwei
Wang, Xia
Tian, Dajun
Jiang, Songhui
Andersen, Melvin E.
He, Genhsjeng
Crabbe, M. James C.
Zheng, Yuxin
Zhong, Yang
Qu, Weidong
2013-06-13T15:16:41Z
2013-06-13T15:16:41Z
2013
Zheng, W., Wang, X., Tian, D., Jiang, S., Andersen, M.E., He, G., Crabbe, M.J.C., Zheng, Y., Zhong, Y. and Qu, W. (2013) 'Water pollutant fingerprinting tracks recent industrial transfer from coastal to inland China: A case study', Scientific Reports, 3, article number 1031
2045-2322
10.1038/srep01031
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293947
Scientific Reports
In recent years, China’s developed regions have transferred industries to undeveloped regions. Large numbers of unlicensed or unregistered enterprises are widespread in these undeveloped regions and they are subject to minimal regulation. Current methods for tracing industrial transfers in these areas, based on enterprise registration information or economic surveys, do not work. The authors have developed an analytical framework combining water fingerprinting and evolutionary analysis to trace the pollution transfer features between water sources. We collected samples in Eastern China (industrial export) and Central China (industrial acceptance) separately from two water systems. Based on the water pollutant fingerprints and evolutionary trees, we traced the pollution transfer associated with industrial transfer between the two areas. The results are consistent with four episodes of industrial transfers over the past decade. The results also show likely types of the transferred industries - electronics, plastics, and biomedicines - that contribute to the water pollution transfer.
en
Nature Publishing Group
http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/srep01031
Archived with thanks to Scientific Reports
evolution
chemistry
risk factors
environmental sciences
water pollution
Water pollutant fingerprinting tracks recent industrial transfer from coastal to inland China: a case study
ArticleIn recent years, China’s developed regions have transferred industries to undeveloped regions. Large numbers of unlicensed or unregistered enterprises are widespread in these undeveloped regions and they are subject to minimal regulation. Current methods for tracing industrial transfers in these areas, based on
enterprise registration information or economic surveys, do not work. The authors have developed an analytical framework combining water fingerprinting and evolutionary analysis to trace the pollution transfer features between water sources. We collected samples in Eastern China (industrial export) and Central China
(industrial acceptance) separately from two water systems. Based on the water pollutant fingerprints and evolutionary trees, we traced the pollution transfer associated with industrial transfer between the two areas. The results are consistent with four episodes of industrial transfers over the past decade. The results also
show likely types of the transferred industries - electronics, plastics, and biomedicines - that contribute to the water pollution transfer.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939282020-04-23T07:29:52Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T15:34:43Z
2013-06-13T15:34:43Z
2012
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2012) 'The Influence of Extreme Climate Events on Models of Coral Colony Recruitment and Survival in the Caribbean', American Journal of Climate Change, 01(01),pp.33-40
2167-9495
2167-9509
10.4236/ajcc.2012.11003
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293928
American Journal of Climate Change
Knowledge of coral recruitment patterns helps us understand how reefs react following major disturbances and provides us with an early warning system for predicting future reef health problems. We have reconstructed and interpreted historical and modern-day recruitment patterns, using growth modeling, in order to understand how hurricanes, storms and bleaching events have influenced coral recruitment in the Caribbean. The results indicate that regional hurricane events negatively impact coral recruitment patterns in the Caribbean, from the south in Tobago to more northerly areas in Belize and Jamaica. However, despite multiple large-scale disturbances, corals are still recruiting to marginal reef systems, and to the Mesoamerican Barrier reef off the coast of Belize. While recruitment and initial growth since the Caribbean-wide bleaching event of 2005 has been successful for Colpophylia natans at the sites studied in North Jamaica, medium and large sized colonies of this species have decreased in numbers since the bleaching event at most sites, except where the rugosity is highest, at Dairy Bull reef.
en
Scientific Research Publishing
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/ajcc.2012.11003
Archived with thanks to American Journal of Climate Change
demographics
tropical storms
climate change
global warming
coral growth
The influence of extreme climate events on models of coral colony recruitment and survival in the Caribbean
ArticleKnowledge of coral recruitment patterns helps us understand how reefs react following major disturbances and provides us with an early warning system for predicting future reef health problems. We have reconstructed and interpreted historical and modern-day recruitment patterns, using growth modeling, in order to understand how hurricanes, storms and bleaching events have influenced coral recruitment in the Caribbean. The results indicate that regional hurricane events negatively impact coral recruitment patterns in the Caribbean, from the south in Tobago to more northerly areas in Belize and Jamaica. However, despite multiple large-scale disturbances, corals are still recruiting to marginal reef systems, and to the Mesoamerican Barrier reef off the coast of Belize. While recruitment and initial growth since the Caribbean-wide bleaching event of 2005 has been successful for Colpophylia natans at the sites studied in North Jamaica, medium and large sized colonies of this species have decreased in numbers since the bleaching event at most sites, except where the rugosity is highest, at Dairy Bull reef.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939252020-04-23T08:39:56Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T14:12:22Z
2013-06-13T14:12:22Z
2007
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2007) 'Global warming and coral reefs: modelling the effect of temperature on Acropora Palmata colony growth', Computational Biology and Chemistry, 31(4), pp.294-297
14769271
10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2007.05.001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293925
Computational Biology and Chemistry
Data on colony growth of the branching coral Acropora palmata from fringing reefs off Discovery Bay on the north coast of Jamaica have been obtained over the period 2002-2007 using underwater photography and image analysis by both SCUBA and remotely using an ROV incorporating twin lasers. Growth modelling shows that while logarithmic growth is an approximate model for growth, a 3:3 rational polynomial function provides a significantly better fit to growth data for this coral species. Over the period 2002-2007, involving several cycles of sea surface temperature (SST) change, the rate of growth of A. palmata was largely proportional to rate of change of SST, with R(2)=0.935. These results have implications for the influence of global warming and climate change on coral reef ecosystems.
en
Elsevier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17631417
climate change
submersible
coral growth
Global warming and coral reefs: modelling the effect of temperature on Acropora Palmata colony growth
ArticleData on colony growth of the branching coral Acropora palmata from fringing reefs off Discovery Bay on the north coast of Jamaica have been obtained over the period 2002-2007 using underwater photography and image analysis by both SCUBA and remotely using an ROV incorporating twin lasers. Growth modelling shows that while logarithmic growth is an approximate model for growth, a 3:3 rational polynomial function provides a significantly better fit to growth data for this coral species. Over the period 2002-2007, involving several cycles of sea surface temperature (SST) change, the rate of growth of A. palmata was largely proportional to rate of change of SST, with R(2)=0.935. These results have implications for the influence of global warming and climate change on coral reef ecosystems.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939842020-04-23T07:29:53Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
Martinez, Edwin
Garcia, Christiana
Chub, Juan
Castro, Leonardo
Guy, Jason
2013-06-14T13:00:25Z
2013-06-14T13:00:25Z
2009
Crabbe M.J.C., Martinez, E., Garcia., C., Chub J., Castro, L., and Guy, J. (2009) 'Identifying management needs for sustainable coral-reef ecosystems', Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, 5(1), pp.42-47
1548-7733
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293984
Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy
In 2007, it was developed with the aid of the Earthwatch Institute and the Oak Foundation a capacity-building program in southern Belize to address issues of marine reserve management underpinned by science. The first component included group discussions on important issues related to the management of the reserves and review of scientific papers, strategic plans, and action plans. The second component included field research in the Sapodilla Cayes Marine Reserve and the Port Honduras Marine Reserve. The project’s overall objectives and outcomes were to increase the participants’ capacity to lead and educate regarding sustainable development and to promote networking among organizations that manage marine resources, enhancing their collective influence over policy decisions. From that program, the project group developed the concepts and management protocols for coral-reef sustainability elucidated below.
en
ProQuest
http://sspp.proquest.com/archives/vol5iss1/communityessay.mjcrabbe.html
coral reefs
sustainable development
ecosystem management
Identifying management needs for sustainable coral-reef ecosystems
ArticleIn 2007, it was developed with the aid of the Earthwatch Institute and the Oak Foundation a capacity-building program in southern Belize to address issues of marine reserve management underpinned by science. The first component included group discussions on important issues related to the management of the reserves and review of scientific papers, strategic plans, and action plans. The second component included field research in the Sapodilla Cayes Marine Reserve and the Port Honduras Marine Reserve. The project’s overall objectives and outcomes were to increase the participants’ capacity to lead and educate regarding sustainable development and to promote networking among organizations that manage marine resources, enhancing their collective influence over policy decisions. From that program, the project group developed the concepts and management protocols for coral-reef sustainability elucidated below.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939462020-04-23T08:41:01Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T15:04:51Z
2013-06-13T15:04:51Z
2003
Crabbe, M.C. (2003) 'A novel method for the transport and analysis of genetic material from polyps and zooxanthellae of scleractinian corals', Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods, 57 (2),pp.171-176
0165-022X
10.1016/S0165-022X(03)00051-4
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293946
Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods
We have developed a new simple method for transport, storage, and analysis of genetic material from the corals Agaricia agaricites, Dendrogyra cylindrica, Eusmilia ancora, Meandrina meandrites, Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides, Porites furcata, Porites porites, and Siderastrea siderea at room temperature. All species yielded sufficient DNA from a single FTA® card (19 μg–43 ng) for subsequent PCR amplification of both coral and zooxanthellar DNA. The D1 and D2 variable region of the large subunit rRNA gene (LSUrDNA) was amplified from the DNA of P. furcata and S. siderea by PCR. Electrophoresis yielded two major DNA bands: an 800-base pair (bp) DNA, which represented the coral ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, and a 600-bp DNA, which represented the zooxanthellar srRNA gene. Extraction of DNA from the bands yielded between 290 μg total DNA (S. siderea coral DNA) and 9 μg total DNA (P. furcata zooxanthellar DNA). The ability to transport and store genetic material from scleractinian corals without resort to laboratory facilities in the field allows for the molecular study of a far wider range and variety of coral sites than have been studied to date.
en
Elsevier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12915008
Archived with thanks to Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods
FTA cards
DNA
rRNA
Zooxanthellae
Cnidaria
A novel method for the transport and analysis of genetic material from polyps and zooxanthellae of scleractinian corals
ArticleWe have developed a new simple method for transport, storage, and analysis of genetic material from the corals Agaricia agaricites, Dendrogyra cylindrica, Eusmilia ancora, Meandrina meandrites, Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides, Porites furcata, Porites porites, and Siderastrea siderea at room temperature. All species yielded sufficient DNA from a single FTA® card (19 μg–43 ng) for subsequent PCR amplification of both coral and zooxanthellar DNA. The D1 and D2 variable region of the large subunit rRNA gene (LSUrDNA) was amplified from the DNA of P. furcata and S. siderea by PCR. Electrophoresis yielded two major DNA bands: an 800-base pair (bp) DNA, which represented the coral ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, and a 600-bp DNA, which represented the zooxanthellar srRNA gene. Extraction of DNA from the bands yielded between 290 μg total DNA (S. siderea coral DNA) and 9 μg total DNA (P. furcata zooxanthellar DNA). The ability to transport and store genetic material from scleractinian corals without resort to laboratory facilities in the field allows for the molecular study of a far wider range and variety of coral sites than have been studied to date.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939632020-04-23T07:29:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
Smith, David J.
2013-06-14T09:01:16Z
2013-06-14T09:01:16Z
2005
Crabbe, M.J.C. & Smith, D.J. (2005) 'Sediment impacts on growth rates of Acropora and Porites corals from fringing reefs of Sulawesi, Indonesia', Coral Reefs, 24(3),pp.437-441
0722-4028
1432-0975
10.1007/s00338-005-0004-6
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293963
Coral Reefs
Small changes in environmental parameters can cause significant changes in growth rates. Often, environmental parameters influencing growth can be multifactorial, so that high energy and high sedimentation together can reduce growth (Cruz-Pinon et al. 2003), while changes in temperature, salinity, and sedimentation can influence not only growth but also diversity and abundance of corals(Lirman et al. 2003). Using digital videophotography and computer image analysis, as well as physical measurements, we have surveyed the reefs near the island of Hoga, where a Marine Research Station run by Operation Wallacea is situated. Our studies were to test the hypothesis that sedimentation and insolation on Porites lutea and Acropora valeniennesi corals from fringing reefs of Sulawesi in Indonesia influenced coral growth. Radial and linear growth rates were measured.
en
Springer
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00338-005-0004-6
Archived with thanks to Coral Reefs
coral growth rates
sedimentation
climate change
Sediment impacts on growth rates of Acropora and Porites corals from fringing reefs of Sulawesi, Indonesia
ArticleSmall changes in environmental parameters can cause significant changes in growth rates. Often, environmental parameters influencing growth can be multifactorial, so that high energy and high sedimentation together can reduce growth (Cruz-Pinon et al. 2003), while changes in temperature, salinity, and sedimentation can influence not only growth but also diversity and abundance of corals(Lirman et al. 2003). Using digital videophotography and computer image analysis, as well as physical measurements,
we have surveyed the reefs near the island of
Hoga, where a Marine Research Station run by Operation Wallacea is situated. Our studies were to test the hypothesis that sedimentation and insolation on Porites lutea and Acropora valeniennesi corals from fringing reefs of Sulawesi in Indonesia influenced coral growth.
Radial and linear growth rates were measured.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939232020-04-23T07:29:52Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T13:36:56Z
2013-06-13T13:36:56Z
2012
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2012) 'From Citizen science to policy development on the coral reefs of Jamaica', International Journal of Zoology, vol. 2012, article 102350
1687-8477
1687-8485
10.1155/2012/102350
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293923
International Journal of Zoology
This paper explores the application of citizen science to help generation of scientific data and capacity-building, and so underpin scientific ideas and policy development in the area of coral reef management, on the coral reefs of Jamaica. From 2000 to 2008, ninety Earthwatch volunteers were trained in coral reef data acquisition and analysis and made over 6,000 measurements on fringing reef sites along the north coast of Jamaica. Their work showed that while recruitment of small corals is returning after the major bleaching event of 2005, larger corals are not necessarily so resilient and so need careful management if the reefs are to survive such major extreme events. These findings were used in the development of an action plan for Jamaican coral reefs, presented to the Jamaican National Environmental Protection Agency. It was agreed that a number of themes and tactics need to be implemented in order to facilitate coral reef conservation in the Caribbean. The use of volunteers and citizen scientists from both developed and developing countries can help in forging links which can assist in data collection and analysis and, ultimately, in ecosystem management and policy development.
en
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijz/2012/102350/
Archived with thanks to International Journal of Zoology
Jamaica
coral reefs
citizen science
From citizen science to policy development on the coral reefs of Jamaica
ArticleThis paper explores the application of citizen science to help generation of scientific data and capacity-building, and so underpin scientific ideas and policy development in the area of coral reef management, on the coral reefs of Jamaica. From 2000 to 2008, ninety Earthwatch volunteers were trained in coral reef data acquisition and analysis and made over 6,000 measurements on fringing reef sites along the north coast of Jamaica. Their work showed that while recruitment of small corals is returning after the major bleaching event of 2005, larger corals are not necessarily so resilient and so need careful management if the reefs are to survive such major extreme events. These findings were used in the development of an action plan for Jamaican coral reefs, presented to the Jamaican National Environmental Protection Agency. It was agreed that a number of themes and tactics need to be implemented in order to facilitate coral reef conservation in the Caribbean. The use of volunteers and citizen scientists from both developed and developing countries can help in forging links which can assist in data collection and analysis and, ultimately, in ecosystem management and policy development.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2940012020-04-23T07:29:53Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-14T13:24:57Z
2013-06-14T13:24:57Z
2009
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2009) 'Climate change and tropical marine agriculture', Journal of Experimental Botany, 60(10), pp.2839-2844
0022-0957
1460-2431
10.1093/jxb/erp004
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294001
Journal of Experimental Botany
The coral reef ecosystem forms part of a ‘seascape’ that includes land-based ecosystems such as mangroves and forests, and ideally should form a complete system for conservation and management. Aquaculture, including artisanal fishing for fish and invertebrates, shrimp farming, and seaweed farming, is a major part of the farming and gleaning practices of many tropical communities, particularly on small islands, and depends upon the integrity of the reefs. Climate change is making major impacts on these communities, not least through global warming and high CO2 concentrations. Corals grow within very narrow limits of temperature, provide livelihoods for millions of people in tropical areas, and are under serious threat from a variety of environmental and climate extremes. Corals survive and grow through a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae: zooxanthellae. Such systems apply highly cooperative regulation to minimize the fluctuation of metabolite concentration profiles in the face of transient perturbations. This review will discuss research on how climate influences reef ecosystems, and how science can lead to conservation actions, with benefits for the human populations reliant on the reefs for their survival.
en
Oxford University Press
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19174458
bleaching
capacity building
climate
coral reefs
global warming
Climate change and tropical marine agriculture
ArticleThe coral reef ecosystem forms part of a ‘seascape’ that includes land-based ecosystems such as mangroves and forests, and ideally should form a complete system for conservation and management. Aquaculture, including artisanal fishing for fish and invertebrates, shrimp farming, and seaweed farming, is a major part of the farming and gleaning practices of many tropical communities, particularly on small islands, and depends upon the integrity of the
reefs. Climate change is making major impacts on these communities, not least through global warming and high CO2 concentrations. Corals grow within very narrow limits of temperature, provide livelihoods for millions of people in tropical areas, and are under serious threat from a variety of environmental and climate extremes. Corals survive and grow through a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae: zooxanthellae. Such systems apply highly cooperative regulation to minimize the fluctuation of metabolite concentration profiles in the face of transient perturbations. This review will discuss research on how climate influences reef ecosystems, and how science can
lead to conservation actions, with benefits for the human populations reliant on the reefs for their survival.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939432020-04-23T07:29:52Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T14:22:08Z
2013-06-13T14:22:08Z
2011
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2011) 'Environmental effects on coral growth and recruitment in the Caribbean', Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92(04), pp.747-752
0025-3154
1469-7769
10.1017/S0025315411001913
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293943
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
Knowledge about factors that are important in coral reef growth help us to understand how reef ecosystems react following major anthropogenic and environmental disturbances. In addition, they may help the industry understand how aquarists can improve the health of their corals. The author have studied environmental and climate effects on corals on fringing reefs in Jamaica. Radial growth rates (mm/yr) of non-branching corals calculated on an annual basis from 2000–2008 showed few significant differences either spatially or temporally along the north coast, although growth rates tended to be higher on reefs of higher rugosity and lower macroalgal cover. He has also reconstructed recruitment patterns, using growth modelling, for nonbranching corals at sites on the north coast of Jamaica near Discovery Bay, and near Kingston Harbour, on the south coast. The aim was to better understand the impacts of tropical storms on coral reefs and for aquarists to better maintain coral reef species in artificial environments.
en
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0025315411001913
Archived with thanks to Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
tropical storms
bleaching
climate change
global warming
Jamaica
Environmental effects on coral growth and recruitment in the Caribbean
ArticleKnowledge about factors that are important in coral reef growth help us to understand how reef ecosystems react following major anthropogenic and environmental disturbances. In addition, they may help the industry understand how aquarists can
improve the health of their corals. The author have studied environmental and climate effects on corals on fringing reefs in Jamaica. Radial growth rates (mm/yr) of non-branching corals calculated on an annual basis from 2000–2008 showed few significant differences either spatially or temporally along the north coast, although growth rates tended to be higher on reefs of higher rugosity and lower macroalgal cover. He has also reconstructed recruitment patterns, using growth modelling, for nonbranching
corals at sites on the north coast of Jamaica near Discovery Bay, and near Kingston Harbour, on the south coast. The aim was to better understand the impacts of tropical storms on coral reefs and for aquarists to better maintain coral reef species in artificial environments.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2940002020-04-23T07:29:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
Wilson, Moyra E.J.
Smith, David J.
2013-06-14T13:23:18Z
2013-06-14T13:23:18Z
2006
Crabbe, M.J.C., Wilson, M.E.J. and Smith, D.J. (2006) 'Quaternary corals from reefs in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, SE Sulawesi, Indonesia, show similar growth rates to modern corals from the same area', Journal of Quaternary Science, 21(8), pp.803-809
02678179
10991417
10.1002/jqs.1001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294000
Journal of Quaternary Science
The authors have used digital photography, image analysis and measurements in the field to determine the growth rates of Quaternary corals in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia, and compared them to growth rates of similar corals in the same area. In the Quaternary deposits it was possible to measure the growth rates of two massive coral genera Porites and Favites. The study highlights that it is possible to compare coral growth rates, and their influencing parameters, from modern and well-preserved ancient examples.
en
John Wiley and Sons
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jqs.1001
Archived with thanks to Journal of Quaternary Science
coral growth rates
growth banding
sedimentation
videophotography
transects
Quaternary corals from reefs in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, SE Sulawesi, Indonesia, show similar growth rates to modern corals from the same area
ArticleThe authors have used digital photography, image analysis and measurements in the field to
determine the growth rates of Quaternary corals in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia,
and compared them to growth rates of similar corals in the same area. In the Quaternary deposits it was possible to measure the growth rates of two massive coral genera Porites and Favites. The study highlights that it is possible to compare coral growth rates, and their influencing parameters, from modern and well-preserved ancient examples.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939712020-04-23T08:39:56Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-14T12:08:34Z
2013-06-14T12:08:34Z
2009
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2009) 'Scleractinian coral population size structures and growth rates indicate coral resilience on the fringing reefs of North Jamaica', Marine Environmental Research, 67 (4-5), pp.189-198
0141-1136
10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.01.003
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293971
Marine Environmental Research
This paper quantifies the size structure of populations and the growth rates of corals from 2000 to 2008 to test whether the Discovery Bay coral colonies showed resilience in the face of multiple acute stressors of hurricanes and bleaching. These studies indicate good levels of coral resilience on the fringing reefs around Discovery Bay in Jamaica.
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0141113609000178
demographics
tropical storms
climate change
bleaching
global warming
coral growth
Jamaica
Scleractinian coral population size structures and growth rates indicate coral resilience on the fringing reefs of North Jamaica
ArticleThis paper quantifies the size structure of populations and the growth rates of corals from 2000 to 2008 to test whether the Discovery Bay coral colonies showed resilience in the face of multiple acute stressors of hurricanes and bleaching. These studies indicate good levels of coral resilience on the fringing reefs around Discovery Bay in Jamaica.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939272020-04-23T08:39:56Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Mallela, Jennie
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-13T14:54:01Z
2013-06-13T14:54:01Z
2009
Mallela,J. & Crabbe, M.J.C. (2009) 'Hurricanes and coral bleaching linked to changes in coral recruitment in Tobago', Marine Environmental Research, 68(4),pp.158-162
0141-1136
10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.06.001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293927
Marine Environmental Research
Knowledge of coral recruitment patterns helps us understand how reefs react following major disturbances and provides us with an early warning system for predicting future reef health problems. The authors have reconstructed and interpreted historical and modern-day recruitment patterns, using a combination of growth modelling and in situ recruitment experiments, in order to understand how hurricanes, storms and bleaching events have influenced coral recruitment on the Caribbean coastline of Tobago. Whilst Tobago does not lie within the main hurricane belt results indicate that regional hurricane events negatively impact coral recruitment patterns in the Southern Caribbean. The results indicate that despite multiple large-scale disturbances corals are still recruiting on Tobago’s marginal reef systems, albeit in low numbers.
en
Elsevier
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19570575
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113609000658
Archived with thanks to Marine Environmental Research
tropical storms
climate change
global warming
coral growth
river discharge
Hurricanes and coral bleaching linked to changes in coral recruitment in Tobago
ArticleKnowledge of coral recruitment patterns helps us understand how reefs react following major disturbances and provides us with an early warning system for predicting future reef health problems. The authors have reconstructed and interpreted historical and modern-day recruitment patterns, using a combination of growth modelling and in situ recruitment experiments, in order to understand how hurricanes, storms and bleaching events have influenced coral recruitment on the Caribbean coastline of Tobago. Whilst Tobago does not lie within the main hurricane belt results indicate that regional hurricane events
negatively impact coral recruitment patterns in the Southern Caribbean. The results indicate that despite multiple large-scale disturbances corals are still recruiting on Tobago’s marginal reef systems, albeit in low numbers.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2939482020-04-23T07:29:51Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Li, Xi
Zhang, Ti-Cao
Qiao, Qin
Ren, Zhumei
Zhao, Jiayuan
Yonezawa, Takahiro
Hasegawa, Masami
Crabbe, M. James C.
Li, Jianqiang
Zhong, Yang
Sun, Meng-xiang
2013-06-13T15:30:37Z
2013-06-13T15:30:37Z
2013
Li, X. et al. (2013) 'Complete Chloroplast genome sequence of Holoparasite Cistanche Deserticola (Orobanchaceae) reveals gene loss and horizontal gene transfer from its host Haloxylon Ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae)', PLoS ONE, 8(3):e58747
1932-6203
10.1371/journal.pone.0058747
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/293948
PLoS ONE
The central function of chloroplasts is to carry out photosynthesis, and its gene content and structure are highly conserved across land plants. Parasitic plants, which have reduced photosynthetic ability, suffer gene losses from the chloroplast (cp) genome accompanied by the relaxation of selective constraints. Compared with the rapid rise in the number of cp genome sequences of photosynthetic organisms, there are limited data sets from parasitic plants. The authors report the complete sequence of the cp genome of Cistanche deserticola, a holoparasitic desert species belonging to the family Orobanchaceae.
en
Public Library of Science
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058747
Archived with thanks to PLoS ONE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Holoparasite Cistanche Deserticola (Orobanchaceae) reveals gene loss and horizontal gene transfer from Its host Haloxylon Ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae)
ArticleThe central function of chloroplasts is to carry out photosynthesis, and its gene content and structure are highly conserved across land plants. Parasitic plants, which have reduced photosynthetic ability, suffer gene losses from the chloroplast (cp) genome accompanied by the relaxation of selective constraints. Compared with the rapid rise in the number of cp genome sequences of photosynthetic organisms, there are limited data sets from parasitic plants. The authors report the complete sequence of the cp genome of Cistanche deserticola, a holoparasitic desert species belonging to the family Orobanchaceae.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2941602020-04-23T07:29:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
2013-06-18T09:49:20Z
2013-06-18T09:49:20Z
2006
Crabbe M.J.C. (2006) 'Challenges for sustainability in cultures where regard for the future may not be present', Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, 2(2),pp.57-61
1548-7733
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294160
Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy
A concept of time depends upon both culture and linguistics, and one person’s future may be another person’s present. Temporal and spatial concepts are crucial to sustainability issues and a concept of “the future” may depend upon ethnicity, linguistic background, lifestyle, and life expectancy. Many currently threatened natural systems are in locations where the indigenous people have a linguistic and conceptual background very different from those in the so-called developed countries. One example is the Bajau people who live off the southeast coast of Sulawesi in Indonesia, close to highly endangered coral reefs. How can we connect the “future perspective” mismatch between Austronesian people like the Bajau and conservationists from developed countries who want to protect the reefs for future generations? Many challenges are ahead, not the least being a practical one of providing the right education for the Bajau to show how certain actions – for example, “no-take” fishing zones – can help achieve their aspirations. Perhaps even more important is the moral challenge of reassessing our own assumptions about worthwhile aspirations, about what is good for the Bajau – and similar people – and their rights and roles in determining the outcomes.
en
ProQuest
http://sspp.proquest.com/archives/vol2iss2/communityessay.crabbe.html
resource management
conservation
coral reefs
fishing communitites
sustainable development
Challenges for sustainability in cultures where regard for the future may not be present
ArticleA concept of time depends upon both culture and linguistics, and one person’s future may be another person’s present. Temporal and spatial concepts are crucial to sustainability issues and a concept of “the future” may depend upon ethnicity, linguistic background, lifestyle, and life expectancy. Many currently threatened natural systems are in locations where the indigenous people have a linguistic and conceptual background very different from those in the so-called developed countries. One example is the Bajau people who live off the southeast coast of Sulawesi in Indonesia, close to highly endangered coral reefs. How can we connect the “future perspective” mismatch between Austronesian people like the Bajau and conservationists from developed countries who want to protect the reefs for future generations? Many challenges are ahead, not the least being a practical one of providing the right education for the Bajau to show how certain actions – for example, “no-take” fishing zones – can help achieve their aspirations. Perhaps even more important is the moral challenge of reassessing our own assumptions about worthwhile aspirations, about what is good for the Bajau – and similar people – and their rights and roles in determining the outcomes.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3021672020-04-23T08:42:55Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Eastwood, Daniel C.
Herman, Bram
Noble, Ralph
Dobrovin-Pennington, Andreja
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
Burton, Kerry S.
University of Swansea
University of Warwick
East Malling Research
University of Bedfordshire
Agilent Technologies UK Ltd.
2013-09-24T08:48:41Z
2013-09-24T08:48:41Z
2013
Eastwood, D.C., Herman, B., Noble, R., Dobrovin-Pennington, A., Sreenivasaprasad, S. and Burton, K.S. (2013) 'Environmental regulation of reproductive phase change in Agaricus bisporus by 1-octen-3-ol, temperature and CO2', Fungal Genetics and Biology, 55,pp.54-66
10871845
10.1016/j.fgb.2013.01.001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/302167
Fungal Genetics and Biology
Reproductive phase change from vegetative mycelium to the initiation of fruiting in Agaricus bisporus is regulated in large part by the sensing of environmental conditions. A model is proposed in which three separate environmental factors exert control at different stages of the reproductive developmental process change. The eight carbon volatile 1-octen-3-ol controls the early differentiation from vegetative hyphae to multicellular knots; temperature reduction is essential for the later differentiation of primodia; and carbon dioxide level exerts quantitative control on the number of fruiting bodies developed. Analysis of transcriptomic changes during the reproductive phase change was carried out with initiation-specific microarrays, and the newly published A. bisporus genome was used to analyse the promoter regions of differentially regulated genes. Our studies have shown there to be both early and late initiation responses relating to sensing of eight carbon volatiles and temperature respectively. A subset of 45 genes was transcriptionally regulated during the reproductive phase change which exhibited a range of functions including cell structure, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and sensing and signalling. Three gene clusters linking increased transcription with developmental stage were identified. Analysis of promoter regions revealed cluster-specific conserved motifs indicative of co-ordinated regulation of transcription
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1087184513000030
Archived with thanks to Fungal Genetics and Biology
Agaricus bisporus
reproductive phase change
microarray
fruiting regulation
cultivated mushroom
Environmental regulation of reproductive phase change in Agaricus bisporus by 1-octen-3-ol, temperature and CO2
ArticleReproductive phase change from vegetative mycelium to the initiation of fruiting in Agaricus bisporus is regulated in large part by the sensing of environmental conditions. A model is proposed in which three separate environmental factors exert control at different stages of the reproductive developmental process change. The eight carbon volatile 1-octen-3-ol controls the early differentiation from vegetative hyphae to multicellular knots; temperature reduction is essential for the later differentiation of primodia; and carbon dioxide level exerts quantitative control on the number of fruiting bodies developed. Analysis of transcriptomic changes during the reproductive phase change was carried out with initiation-specific microarrays, and the newly published A. bisporus genome was used to analyse the promoter regions of differentially regulated genes. Our studies have shown there to be both early and late initiation responses relating to sensing of eight carbon volatiles and temperature respectively. A subset of 45 genes was transcriptionally regulated during the reproductive phase change which exhibited a range of functions including cell structure, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and sensing and signalling. Three gene clusters linking increased transcription with developmental stage were identified. Analysis of promoter regions revealed cluster-specific conserved motifs indicative of co-ordinated regulation of transcriptionoai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3021522020-04-23T07:30:20Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Talhinhas, Pedro
Muthumeenakshi, S.
Neves-Martins, João
Oliveira, Helena
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
Technical University of Lisbon
University of Warwick
2013-09-24T09:08:43Z
2013-09-24T09:08:43Z
2008
Talhinhas, P., Muthumeenakshi, S., Neves-Martins, J., Oliveira, H. and Sreenivasaprasad, S. (2008) 'Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation and Insertional Mutagenesis in Colletotrichum acutatum for Investigating Varied Pathogenicity Lifestyles, Molecular Biotechnology, 39(1),pp.57-67
1073-6085
1559-0305
10.1007/s12033-007-9028-1
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/302152
Molecular Biotechnology
Colletotrichum acutatum is a cosmopolitan pathogen causing economically important diseases known as anthracnose on a wide range of hosts. This fungus exhibits varied pathogenicity lifestyles and the tools essential to understand the molecular mechanisms are still being developed. The transformation methods currently available for this species for gene discovery and functional analysis involve protoplast transformation and are laborious and inefficient. We have developed a protocol for efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) of C. acutatum. Using this protocol we were able to transform C. acutatum isolates belonging to different genetic groups and originating from different hosts. The transformation efficiency was up to 156 transformants per 10(4) conidia, with >70% transformants showing single location/single copy integration of T-DNA. Binary vector pBHt2-GFP was constructed, enabling green fluorescence protein tagging of C. acutatum strains, which will be a useful tool for epidemiology and histopathology studies. The ATMT protocol developed was used to identify putative pathogenicity mutants, suggesting the applicability of this technique for rapid generation of a large panel of insertional mutants of C. acutatum leading to the identification of the genes associated with the varied lifestyles.
en
Humana Press
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12033-007-9028-1
Archived with thanks to Molecular Biotechnology
pathogenicity mutants
colletotrichum acutatum
agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation
green fluorescent protein expression
insertional mutagenesis
hygromycin B resistance
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and insertional mutagenesis in colletotrichum acutatum for investigating varied pathogenicity lifestyles
ArticleColletotrichum acutatum is a cosmopolitan pathogen causing economically important diseases known as anthracnose on a wide range of hosts. This fungus exhibits varied pathogenicity lifestyles and the tools essential to understand the molecular mechanisms are still being developed. The transformation methods currently available for this species for gene discovery and functional analysis involve protoplast transformation and are laborious and inefficient. We have developed a protocol for efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) of C. acutatum. Using this protocol we were able to transform C. acutatum isolates belonging to different genetic groups and originating from different hosts. The transformation efficiency was up to 156 transformants per 10(4) conidia, with >70% transformants showing single location/single copy integration of T-DNA. Binary vector pBHt2-GFP was constructed, enabling green fluorescence protein tagging of C. acutatum strains, which will be a useful tool for epidemiology and histopathology studies. The ATMT protocol developed was used to identify putative pathogenicity mutants, suggesting the applicability of this technique for rapid generation of a large panel of insertional mutants of C. acutatum leading to the identification of the genes associated with the varied lifestyles.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3021802024-02-06T10:54:57Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Chester, David K.
Duncan, Angus M.
Dibben, Christopher J.L.
University of Liverpool
University of Bedfordshire
University of St Andrews
2013-09-24T09:13:31Z
2013-09-24T09:13:31Z
2008
Chester, D.K., Duncan, A.M. & Dibben, C.J.L. (2008) 'The importance of religion in shaping volcanic risk perception in Italy, with special reference to Vesuvius and Etna', Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 172(3-4),pp.216-228
03770273
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.12.009
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/302180
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
With the exception of societies that are relatively untouched by modernism, the academic consensus holds that since the Eighteenth Century Enlightenment popular perception of divine responsibility for disasters has been progressively replaced by a perspective that views losses as resulting from the effects of extreme natural events upon vulnerable human populations. Nature is considered to be de-moralised. By means of examples of volcanic eruptions that have occurred over the past one hundred and fifty years and which transcend place, culture and faith tradition, the present authors have maintained a contrasting position, by arguing that religious perspectives are still important features of the ways in which people in many societies perceive volcanic eruptions. In the present paper it is argued that religious terms of reference have been and remain vital elements in the perceptions held by a significant proportion of the population in southern Italy when confronted by volcanic eruptions, particularly those that have occurred on Vesuvius and Etna. Within the context of what is termed popular Catholicism, the development of distinctive religious responses in pre-industrial times is first described.
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377027307004155
volcanic eruptions
religious perceptions
disaster planning
Vesuvius
Etna
The importance of religion in shaping volcanic risk perception in Italy, with special reference to Vesuvius and Etna
ArticleWith the exception of societies that are relatively untouched by modernism, the academic consensus holds that since the Eighteenth Century Enlightenment popular perception of divine responsibility for disasters has been progressively replaced by a perspective that views losses as resulting from the effects of extreme natural events upon vulnerable human populations. Nature is considered to be de-moralised. By means of examples of volcanic eruptions that have occurred over the past one hundred and fifty years and which transcend place, culture and faith tradition, the present authors have maintained a contrasting position, by arguing that religious perspectives are still important features of the ways in which people in many societies perceive volcanic eruptions. In the present paper it is argued that religious terms of reference have been and remain vital elements in the perceptions held by a significant proportion of the population in southern Italy when confronted by volcanic eruptions, particularly those that have occurred on Vesuvius and Etna. Within the context of what is termed popular Catholicism, the development of distinctive religious responses in pre-industrial times is first described.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3021762020-04-23T07:30:13Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Crabbe, M. James C.
University of Bedfordshire
2013-09-24T08:54:31Z
2013-09-24T08:54:31Z
2013-06
Crabbe, M.J.C. (2013) 'Coral Reef Populations in the Caribbean: Is There a Case for Better Protection against Climate Change?', American Journal of Climate Change, 02(02),pp.97-105
2167-9495
2167-9509
10.4236/ajcc.2013.22010
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/302176
American Journal of Climate Change
Copyright © 2013 Michael James C. Crabbe. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Knowledge of factors that are important in coral reef growth help us to understand how reef ecosystems react following major environmental disturbances due to climate change and other anthropogenic effects. This study shows that despite a range of anthropogenic stressors, corals on the fringing reefs south of Kingston harbour, as well as corals on fringing reefs on the north coast of Jamaica near Discovery Bay can survive and grow. Skewness values for Sidastrea siderea and Porites astreoides were positive (0.85 1.64) for all sites, implying more small colonies than large colonies. Coral growth rates are part of a demographic approach to monitoring coral reef health in times of climate change, and linear extension rates (mm.yr-1) of Acropora palmata branching corals at Dairy Bull, Rio Bueno, and Pear Tree Bottom on the north coast of Jamaica were c. 50 90 mm.year-1 from 2005-2012. The range of small-scale rugosities at the Port Royal cay sites studied was lower than that at the Discovery Bay sites; for example Rio Bueno was 1.05 ± 0.15 and Dairy Bull the most rugose at 2.3 ± 0.16. Diary Bull reef has for several years been the fringing reef with the most coral cover, with a benthic community similar to that of the 1970s. We discuss whether Jamaica can learn from methods used in other Caribbean countries to better protect its coral reefs against climate change. Establishing and maintaining fully-protected marine parks in Jamaica and elsewhere in the Caribbean is one tool to help the future of the fishing industry in developing countries. Developing MPAs as part of an overall climate change policy for a country may be the best way of integrating climate change into MPA planning, management, and evaluation.
en
Scientific Research Publishing
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/ajcc.2013.22010
Archived with thanks to American Journal of Climate Change
demographics
MPAs
hurricanes
Belize
Jamaica
Coral reef populations in the Caribbean: is there a case for better protection against climate change?
ArticleKnowledge of factors that are important in coral reef growth help us to understand how reef ecosystems react following major environmental disturbances due to climate change and other anthropogenic effects. This study shows that despite a range of anthropogenic stressors, corals on the fringing reefs south of Kingston harbour, as well as corals on fringing reefs on the north coast of Jamaica near Discovery Bay can survive and grow. Skewness values for Sidastrea siderea and Porites astreoides were positive (0.85 1.64) for all sites, implying more small colonies than large colonies. Coral growth rates are part of a demographic approach to monitoring coral reef health in times of climate change, and linear extension rates (mm.yr-1) of Acropora palmata branching corals at Dairy Bull, Rio Bueno, and Pear Tree Bottom on the north coast of Jamaica were c. 50 90 mm.year-1 from 2005-2012. The range of small-scale rugosities at the Port Royal cay sites studied was lower than that at the Discovery Bay sites; for example Rio Bueno was 1.05 ± 0.15 and Dairy Bull the most rugose at 2.3 ± 0.16. Diary Bull reef has for several years been the fringing reef with the most coral cover, with a benthic community similar to that of the 1970s. We discuss whether Jamaica can learn from methods used in other Caribbean countries to better protect its coral reefs against climate change. Establishing and maintaining fully-protected marine parks in Jamaica and elsewhere in the Caribbean is one tool to help the future of the fishing industry in developing countries. Developing MPAs as part of an overall climate change policy for a country may be the best way of integrating climate change into MPA planning, management, and evaluation.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3021542020-04-23T07:30:20Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Nutsugah, S.K.
Twumasi, J.K.
Chipili, J.
Sere, Y.
Sreenivasaprasad, Surapareddy
2013-09-24T09:11:22Z
2013-09-24T09:11:22Z
2008
Nutsugah, S. K., Twumasi, J. K., Chipili, J., Sere, Y. and Sreenivasaprasad, S. (2008) 'Diversity of the Rice Blast Pathogen Populations in Ghana and Strategies for Resistance Management', Plant Pathology Journal, 7(1),pp.109-113
18125387
18125425
10.3923/ppj.2008.109.113
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/302154
Plant Pathology Journal
The present study describes the outputs of a collaborative research programme funded by the UK`s Department for International Development-Crop Protection Program to investigate the genetic (lineages) and pathogenic (pathotypes) diversity of the blast fungus populations and characterize the key sites suitable for resistance screening. Seventy-one Magnaporthe grisae isolates were collected from seven regions where rice is grown, representing blast populations in Ghana.
en
Asian Network for Scientific Information (ANSINET)
http://www.scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ppj.2008.109.113
Archived with thanks to Plant Pathology Journal
pyricularia oryzae
rice blast disease
fungi
Diversity of the rice blast pathogen populations in Ghana and strategies for resistance management
ArticleThe present study describes the outputs of a collaborative research programme funded by the UK`s Department for International Development-Crop Protection Program to investigate the genetic (lineages) and pathogenic (pathotypes) diversity of the blast fungus populations and characterize the key sites suitable for resistance screening. Seventy-one Magnaporthe grisae isolates were collected from seven regions where rice is grown, representing blast populations in Ghana.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948452020-04-23T07:30:20Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Dhanhani, Hamdan Al Ghasyah
Duncan, Angus M.
Chester, David K.
2013-06-28T09:05:30Z
2013-06-28T09:05:30Z
2010
Dhanhani, Al Ghasyah H., Duncan, A.M. and Chester, D.K. (2010) 'United Arab Emirates: disaster management with regard to rapid onset natural disasters', in Asimakopoulou,E. and Bessis, N. (eds.) Advanced ICTs for disaster management and threat detection: collaborative and distributed frameworks. Philadelphia: ICG Global, pp.65-79.
9781615209873
10.4018/978-1-61520-987-3.ch005
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294845
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has more exposure to natural hazards than has been previously recognized. In the last 20 years the UAE has been subject to earthquakes, landslides, floods and tropical storms. This chapter examines the structure and procedures for management of natural disasters in the UAE, in particular issues of governance, accountability and communication within states that are part of a federal system. The study involved interviews with officials at both federal and emirate levels and case studies are presented of the impact of recent natural hazard events. Two emirates were selected for more detailed examination, Fujairah the most hazard prone and a rural emirate and Dubai which is a highly urbanized emirate which has undergone rapid development. There is now increasing awareness of natural hazards in the UAR and progress is being made at regional and federal levels. There needs to be a clear delineation between regional and federal roles and an understanding of the need for effective channels of information to relevant agencies.
en
IGI Global
http://www.igi-global.com/chapter/united-arab-emirates/44844
United Arab Emirates: disaster management with regard to rapid onset natural disasters
Book chapterThe United Arab Emirates (UAE) has more exposure to natural hazards than has been previously recognized. In the last 20 years the UAE has been subject to earthquakes, landslides, floods and tropical storms. This chapter examines the structure and procedures for management of natural disasters in the UAE, in particular issues of governance, accountability and communication within states that are part of a federal system. The study involved interviews with officials at both federal and emirate levels and case studies are presented of the impact of recent natural hazard events. Two emirates were selected for more detailed examination, Fujairah the most hazard prone and a rural emirate and Dubai which is a highly urbanized emirate which has undergone rapid development. There is now increasing awareness of natural hazards in the UAR and progress is being made at regional and federal levels. There needs to be a clear delineation between regional and federal roles and an understanding of the need for effective channels of information to relevant agencies.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948632013-06-28T10:44:45Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Chester, David K.
Duncan, Angus M.
Sangster, Heather
2013-06-28T08:55:38Z
2013-06-28T08:55:38Z
2011
Chester, D.K., Duncan, A.M. and Sangster, H. (2012) 'Religious interpretation of disaster', in Wisner, B., Gaillard, J.C. and Kelman, I. (eds.)Routledge handbook of hazards and disaster risk reduction. Oxford: Routledge. pp. 109-120
9780415590655
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294863
en
Routledge
http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415590655/
Religious interpretations of disaster
Book chapter
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3019052020-04-23T07:30:54Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Pritchard, Diana J.
Fa, John E.
Oldfield, Sara
Harrop, Stuart R.
University of Sussex
Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust
Imperial College London
Botanical Gardens Conservation International
University of Kent
2013-09-19T12:32:24Z
2013-09-19T12:32:24Z
2011
Pritchard, D.J., Fa, J., Oldfield, S. & Harrop, S.R. (2011) 'Bring the captive closer to the wild: redefining the role of ex situ conservation', Oryx, 46(1),pp.18-23
0030-6053
1365-3008
10.1017/S0030605310001766
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/301905
Oryx
In situ conservation is central to contemporary global biodiversity protection and is the predominant emphasis of international regulation and funding strategies. Ex situ approaches, in contrast, have been relegated to a subsidiary role and their direct contributions to conservation have been limited. We draw on a variety of sources to make the case for an enhanced role for ex situ conservation. We note the advances occurring within institutions specializing in ex situ conservation and stress that, although much remains to be done, many constraints are being addressed. We argue that the evidence of increasing extinction rates, exacerbated by climate change, challenges the wisdom of a heavy dependence on in situ strategies and necessitates increased development of ex situ approaches. A number of different techniques that enable species and their habitats to survive should now be explored. These could build on the experience of management systems that have already demonstrated the effective integration of in situ and ex situ techniques and hybrid approaches.
en
Wiley Blackwell
http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0030605310001766
Archived with thanks to Oryx
botanical gardens
captive breeding
climate change
ex situ
in situ
zoos
Bring the captive closer to the wild: redefining the role of ex situ conservation
ArticleIn situ conservation is central to contemporary global biodiversity protection and is the predominant emphasis of international regulation and funding strategies. Ex situ approaches, in contrast, have been relegated to a subsidiary role and their direct contributions to conservation have been limited. We draw on a variety of sources to make the case for an enhanced role for ex situ conservation. We note the advances occurring within institutions specializing in ex situ conservation and stress that, although much remains to be done, many constraints are being addressed. We argue that the evidence of increasing extinction rates, exacerbated by climate change, challenges the wisdom of a heavy dependence on in situ strategies and necessitates increased development of ex situ approaches. A number of different techniques that enable species and their habitats to survive should now be explored. These could build on the experience of management systems that have already demonstrated the effective integration of in situ and ex situ techniques and hybrid approaches.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3019062020-04-23T07:30:35Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Pritchard, Diana J.
Harrop, Stuart R.
2013-09-19T12:38:50Z
2013-09-19T12:38:50Z
2010
Pritchard, D.J. & Harrop, S.R. (2010) 'A re-evaluation of the role of ex-situ conservation in the face of climate change', Botanical Gardens Journal, 7(1),pp.3-6.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/301906
Botanical Gardens Journal
In situ and ex situ conservation have been established as two distinct approaches to the protection of “wild” biodiversity with ex situ approaches relegated to a subsidiary position. In this article, we explore whether ex situ conservation should still be subordinated in this manner, particularly in view of climate change models which predict the extinction of species and drastic, rapid and chaotic shifts in the distribution of habitats and species across the globe.
en
Botanic Gardens Conservation International
http://www.bgci.org/resources/article/0632/
conservation
ex situ
climate change
A re-evaluation of the role of ex situ conservation in the face of climate change
ArticleIn situ and ex situ conservation have been established as two distinct approaches to the protection of “wild” biodiversity with ex situ approaches relegated to a subsidiary position. In this article, we explore whether ex situ conservation should still be subordinated in this manner, particularly in view of climate change models which predict the extinction of species and drastic, rapid and chaotic shifts in the distribution of habitats and species across the globe.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3018892020-04-23T08:39:57Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Harrop, Stuart R.
Pritchard, Diana J.
2013-09-19T12:18:26Z
2013-09-19T12:18:26Z
2011
Harrop, S.R. & Pritchard, D.J. (2011) 'A hard instrument goes soft: The implications of the Convention on Biological Diversity's current trajectory', Global Environmental Change, 21(2), pp.474-480
0959-3780
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.01.014
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/301889
Global Environmental Change
The relentless loss of biological diversity, which will have a direct impact on human society and degrade ecosystem buffers against the extremes of climate perturbation, requires a strong global governance response. Of the numerous international legal instruments relating to the protection of nature, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the most comprehensive. This paper examines its current emphasis on global biodiversity targets to extend our understanding of its trajectory, and its evolving nature as an instrument of global governance. We review CBD documents, and early examinations of its emergent character, in the context of the distinction between hard and soft law approaches, and combine analysis on the issue of targets from the literature on development, climate change and conservation biology. We emphasise that the CBD, created as a hard law instrument with a framework character, had the clear facility to develop subsidiary hard law instruments in the form of protocols but has not significantly followed this route.
en
Elsevier
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S095937801100015X
A hard instrument goes soft: the implications of the Convention on Biological Diversity's current trajectory
ArticleThe relentless loss of biological diversity, which will have a direct impact on human society and degrade ecosystem buffers against the extremes of climate perturbation, requires a strong global governance response. Of the numerous international legal instruments relating to the protection of nature, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the most comprehensive. This paper examines its current emphasis on global biodiversity targets to extend our understanding of its trajectory, and its evolving nature as an instrument of global governance. We review CBD documents, and early examinations of its emergent character, in the context of the distinction between hard and soft law approaches, and combine analysis on the issue of targets from the literature on development, climate change and conservation biology. We emphasise that the CBD, created as a hard law instrument with a framework character, had the clear facility to develop subsidiary hard law instruments in the form of protocols but has not significantly followed this route.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3019082020-04-23T07:30:35Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Clements, Christopher F.
Worsfold, Nicholas T.
Warren, Philip H.
Collen, Ben
Clark, Nick
Blackburn, Tim M.
Petchey, Owen L.
Butler, Simon
University of Sheffield
University of York
Institute of Zoology, ZSL
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
University of Zurich
2013-09-19T12:44:02Z
2013-09-19T12:44:02Z
2013
Clements, C.F., Worsfold, N.T., Warren., P.H. et al. (2013) 'Experimentally testing the accuracy of an extinction estimator: Solow's optimal linear estimation model', Journal of Animal Ecology, 82(2), pp.345-354
0021-8790
10.1111/1365-2656.12005
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/301908
Journal of Animal Ecology
Mathematical methods for inferring time to extinction have been widely applied but poorly tested. Optimal linear estimation (also called the 'Weibull' or 'Weibull extreme value' model) infers time to extinction from a temporal distribution of species sightings. Previous studies have suggested optimal linear estimation provides accurate estimates of extinction time for some species; however, an in-depth test of the technique is lacking. The use of data from wild populations to gauge the error associated with estimations is often limited by very approximate estimates of the actual extinction date and poor sighting records. Microcosms provide a system in which the accuracy of estimations can be tested against known extinction dates, whilst incorporating a variety of extinction rates created by changing environmental conditions, species identity and species richness. We present the first use of experimental microcosm data to exhaustively test the accuracy of one sighting-based method of inferring time of extinction under a range of search efforts, search regimes, sighting frequencies and extinction rates. Our results show that the accuracy of optimal linear estimation can be affected by both observer-controlled parameters, such as change in search effort, and inherent features of the system, such as species identity. Whilst optimal linear estimation provides generally accurate and precise estimates, the technique is susceptible to both overestimation and underestimation of extinction date. Microcosm experiments provide a framework within which the accuracy of extinction predictors can be clearly gauged. Variables such as search effort, search regularity and species identity can significantly affect the accuracy of estimates and should be taken into account when testing extinction predictors in the future.
Natural Environment Research Council; Zoological Society of London; Rufford Foundation
en
Wiley Blackwell
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/1365-2656.12005
Archived with thanks to Journal of Animal Ecology
extinction estimation
optimal linear estimation
protist microcosm
Solow model
Weibull
Experimentally testing the accuracy of an extinction estimator: Solow's optimal linear estimation model
ArticleMathematical methods for inferring time to extinction have been widely applied but poorly tested. Optimal linear estimation (also called the 'Weibull' or 'Weibull extreme value' model) infers time to extinction from a temporal distribution of species sightings. Previous studies have suggested optimal linear estimation provides accurate estimates of extinction time for some species; however, an in-depth test of the technique is lacking. The use of data from wild populations to gauge the error associated with estimations is often limited by very approximate estimates of the actual extinction date and poor sighting records. Microcosms provide a system in which the accuracy of estimations can be tested against known extinction dates, whilst incorporating a variety of extinction rates created by changing environmental conditions, species identity and species richness. We present the first use of experimental microcosm data to exhaustively test the accuracy of one sighting-based method of inferring time of extinction under a range of search efforts, search regimes, sighting frequencies and extinction rates. Our results show that the accuracy of optimal linear estimation can be affected by both observer-controlled parameters, such as change in search effort, and inherent features of the system, such as species identity. Whilst optimal linear estimation provides generally accurate and precise estimates, the technique is susceptible to both overestimation and underestimation of extinction date. Microcosm experiments provide a framework within which the accuracy of extinction predictors can be clearly gauged. Variables such as search effort, search regularity and species identity can significantly affect the accuracy of estimates and should be taken into account when testing extinction predictors in the future.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3002352020-04-23T07:30:36Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Worsfold, Nicholas T.
Warren, Philip H.
Petchey, Owen L.
2013-08-29T11:55:53Z
2013-08-29T11:55:53Z
2009
Worsfold, N.T., Warren, P.H. and Petchey, O.L. (2009) 'Context-dependent effects of predator removal from experimental microcosm communities', "Oikos", 118 (9), pp.1319-1326.
00301299
16000706
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17500.x
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/300235
Oikos
The loss of a predator from an ecological community can cause large changes in community structure and ecosystem processes, or have very little consequence for the remaining species and ecosystem. Understanding when and why the loss of a predator causes large changes in community structure and ecosystem processes is critical for understanding the functional consequences of biodiversity loss. We used experimental microbial communities to investigate how the removal of a large generalist predator affected the extinction frequency, population abundance and total biomass of its prey. We removed this predator in the presence or absence of an alternative, more specialist, predator in order to determine whether the specialist predator affected the outcome of the initial species removal. Removal of the large generalist predator altered some species’ populations but many were unaffected and no secondary extinctions were observed. The specialist predator, though rare, altered the response of the prey community to the removal of the large generalist predator. In the absence of the specialist predator, the effects of the removal were only measurable at the level of individual species. However, when the specialist predator was present, the removal of the large generalist predator affected the total biomass of prey species. The results demonstrate that the effect of species loss from high trophic levels may be very context-dependent, as rare species can have disproportionately large effects in food webs.
en
Nordic Ecological Society
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17500.x
Archived with thanks to Oikos
Context-dependent effects of predator removal from experimental microcosm communities
ArticleThe loss of a predator from an ecological community can cause large changes in community structure and ecosystem processes, or have very little consequence for the remaining species and ecosystem. Understanding when and why the loss
of a predator causes large changes in community structure and ecosystem processes is critical for understanding the functional consequences of biodiversity loss. We used experimental microbial communities to investigate how the removal of a large generalist predator affected the extinction frequency, population abundance and total biomass of its prey. We removed this predator in the presence or absence of an alternative, more specialist, predator in order to determine whether the specialist predator affected the outcome of the initial species removal. Removal of the large generalist predator altered some species’ populations but many were unaffected and no secondary extinctions were observed. The specialist predator, though rare, altered the response of the prey community to the removal of the large generalist predator. In the absence of the specialist predator, the effects of the removal were only measurable at the level of
individual species. However, when the specialist predator was present, the removal of the large generalist predator affected the total biomass of prey species. The results demonstrate that the effect of species loss from high trophic levels may be very context-dependent, as rare species can have disproportionately large effects in food webs.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3019092020-04-23T07:30:36Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Thomas, Chris D.
Hill, Jane K.
Anderson, Barbara J.
Bailey, Sallie
Beale, Colin M.
Bradbury, Richard B.
Bulman, Caroline R.
Crick, Humphrey Q. P.
Eigenbrod, Felix
Griffiths, Hannah M.
Kunin, William E.
Oliver, Tom H.
Walmsley, Clive A.
Watts, Kevin
Worsfold, Nicholas T.
Yardley, Tim
University of York
Forestry Commission
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
Butterfly Conservation
Natural England
University of Sheffield
NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
Countryside Council for Wales
Forest Research
2013-09-19T12:48:14Z
2013-09-19T12:48:14Z
2011-04
Thomas, C.D. Hill, J.K., Anderson, B.A. et al. (2011) 'A framework for assessing threats and benefits to species responding to climate change', Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2(2),pp.125-142
2041-210X
10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00065.x
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/301909
Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Current national and international frameworks for assessing threats to species have not been developed in the context of climate change, and are not framed in a way that recognises new opportunities that arise from climate change. The framework presented here separates the threats and benefits of climate change for individual species. Threat is assessed by the level of climate-related decline within a species’ recently occupied (e.g. pre-1970s) historical distribution, based on observed (e.g. repeat census) and/or projected changes (e.g. modelled bioclimate space). Benefits are assessed in terms of observed and/or projected increases outside the recently occupied historical range. Exacerbating factors (e.g. small population size, low dispersal capacity) that might increase levels of threat or limit expansion in response to climate change are taken into consideration within the framework. Protocols are also used to identify levels of confidence (and hence research and/or monitoring needs) in each species’ assessment.
en
Wiley Blackwell
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00065.x
Archived with thanks to Methods in Ecology and Evolution
biodiversity
climate envelope
distribution
global warming
IUCN
policy
risk assessment
species conservation
conservation
A framework for assessing threats and benefits to species responding to climate change
ArticleCurrent national and international frameworks for assessing threats to species have not been developed in the context of climate change, and are not framed in a way that recognises new opportunities that arise from climate change. The framework presented here separates the threats and benefits of climate change for individual species. Threat is assessed by the level of climate-related decline within a species’ recently occupied (e.g. pre-1970s) historical distribution, based on observed (e.g. repeat census) and/or projected changes (e.g. modelled bioclimate space). Benefits are assessed in terms of observed and/or projected increases outside the recently occupied historical range. Exacerbating factors (e.g. small population size, low dispersal capacity) that might increase levels of threat or limit expansion in response to climate change are taken into consideration within the framework. Protocols are also used to identify levels of confidence (and hence research and/or monitoring needs) in each species’ assessment.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5935222020-04-23T07:36:01Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Reyes-Garcia, Victoria
Ruiz-Mallen, Isabel
Porter-Bolland, Luciana
Garcia-Frapolli, Eduardo
Ellis, Edward A.
Mendez, Maria-Elena
Pritchard, Diana J.
Sanchez-Gonzalez, Maria-Consuelo
Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats
Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas
Universidad Veracruzana
University of Sussex
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Instituto de Ecología
Universidad Autónoma de Campeche
2016-01-15T12:56:41Z
2016-01-15T12:56:41Z
2013-08
Reyes-Garcia, V. et al (2013) 'Local Understandings of Conservation in Southeastern Mexico and Their Implications for Community-Based Conservation as an Alternative Paradigm' Conservation Biology 27 (4):856
0888-8892
10.1111/cobi.12056
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/593522
Conservation Biology
Since the 1990s national and international programs have aimed to legitimize local conservation initiatives that might provide an alternative to the formal systems of state-managed or otherwise externally driven protected areas. We used discourse analysis (130 semistructured interviews with key informants) and descriptive statistics (679 surveys) to compare local perceptions of and experiences with state-driven versus community-driven conservation initiatives. We conducted our research in 6 communities in southeastern Mexico. Formalization of local conservation initiatives did not seem to be based on local knowledge and practices. Although interviewees thought community-based initiatives generated less conflict than statemanaged conservation initiatives, the community-based initiatives conformed to the biodiversity conservation paradigm that emphasizes restricted use of and access to resources. This restrictive approach to community-based conservation in Mexico, promoted through state and international conservation organizations, increased the area of protected land and had local support but was not built on locally relevant and multifunctional landscapes, a model that community-based conservation is assumed to advance.
en
Wiley
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/cobi.12056
Mexico
conservation
community-based conservation
Local understandings of conservation in southeastern Mexico and their implications for community-based conservation as an alternative paradigm
ArticleSince the 1990s national and international programs have aimed to legitimize local conservation initiatives that might provide an alternative to the formal systems of state-managed or otherwise externally driven protected areas. We used discourse analysis (130 semistructured interviews with key informants) and descriptive statistics (679 surveys) to compare local perceptions of and experiences with state-driven versus community-driven conservation initiatives. We conducted our research in 6 communities in southeastern Mexico. Formalization of local conservation initiatives did not seem to be based on local knowledge and practices. Although interviewees thought community-based initiatives generated less conflict than statemanaged conservation initiatives, the community-based initiatives conformed to the biodiversity conservation paradigm that emphasizes restricted use of and access to resources. This restrictive approach to community-based conservation in Mexico, promoted through state and international conservation organizations, increased the area of protected land and had local support but was not built on locally relevant and multifunctional landscapes, a model that community-based conservation is assumed to advance.oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5935202020-04-23T07:33:21Zcom_10547_132178col_10547_132254
Pritchard, Diana J.
2016-01-15T12:41:58Z
2016-01-15T12:41:58Z
2013-07-18
Pritchard, D.J. (2013) 'Community based biodiversity monitoring in Mexico: current status, challenges, and future strategies for collaboration with scientists; in Porter-Bolland, L. et al (eds) 'Community action for conservation:
Mexican experiences'. Springer.
9781461479550
9781461479567
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/593520
An array of social and political actors, from international to local levels, increasingly demand monitoring data on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. As elsewhere, prevalent approaches in Mexico emphasize the collection of scientific data regarding biological indicators, by professionals, for conservation planning, global targets, and biological inquiry. These are complicated, expensive, and dependent on external funding. They also fail to engage with communities, many of whom practice traditional forms of monitoring to manage their local environments and livelihoods. Community-based monitoring, an approach involving collaborations between scientists and communities, has the potential to contribute to sustainable forms of resource use management and as a cost-effective method. Efforts could develop once local rights of use and traditional knowledge systems are recognized, access to information is ensured, and a broad array of relevant environmental and social indicators are included.
en
Springer
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-7956-7_9
Community based biodiversity monitoring in Mexico: current status, challenges, and future strategies for collaboration with scientists
Book chapterAn array of social and political actors, from international to local levels, increasingly demand monitoring data on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. As elsewhere, prevalent approaches in Mexico emphasize the collection of scientific data regarding biological indicators, by professionals, for conservation planning, global targets, and biological inquiry. These are complicated, expensive, and dependent on external funding. They also fail to engage with communities, many of whom practice traditional forms of monitoring to manage their local environments and livelihoods. Community-based monitoring, an approach involving collaborations between scientists and communities, has the potential to contribute to sustainable forms of resource use management and as a cost-effective method. Efforts could develop once local rights of use and traditional knowledge systems are recognized, access to information is ensured, and a broad array of relevant environmental and social indicators are included.