2024-03-29T11:49:30Zhttp://uobrep.openrepository.com/oai/requestoai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2224692020-04-23T07:28:23Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
An analysis of marketing programmes adopted by regional small and medium-sized enterprises
Parrott, Guy
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Holliman, David
entrepreneurship
marketing
SMEs
Originality/value – Their ability to understand their marketplace and to become truly competitive relies on SMEs developing a deeper understanding of their current marketing decision-making processes through the systematic adoption of more robust strategic procedures. In summary, there is an observable difference between marketing activities conducted by SMEs and best practice defined in academic theory.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to create an understanding of the true nature of contemporary SME marketing activities. While acknowledging operational constraints, the paper aims to hypothesize that, if effective marketing planning was employed, this would improve the long-term growth of small to medium-sized enterprises. The paper seeks to assess the implications current practices may have on the long-term survival of enterprises and to identify significant SME marketing development and training needs. Design/methodology/approach – A marketing audit approach yielded data from the collation of 125 completed online questionnaires within the East of England region. Statistical analysis using SPSS was applied to produce an in-depth quantitative analysis of these data. In addition, qualitative data were collected through face-to-face interviews of some 20 owner-managers. These responses were further inductively analysed and interpreted. Findings – Data analysis demonstrated a significant disparity between their perceived marketing effectiveness compared with their actual practices recorded at interview. Significantly, they failed to understand why campaigns did not yield results, as they routinely did not employ appropriate controls and procedures. SMEs believed that they were fully cognisant of the effectiveness of their marketing activity, through further exploration; evidence revealed that they failed to employ sufficient review procedures, and in the extreme cases these procedures were non-existent. A direct correlation was also witnessed between company size and the application of effective marketing planning. Larger enterprises demonstrated a greater awareness of strategic marketing competence.
2012-05-08
2012-05-08
2010-05
Article
Parrott, G., Roomi, M.A., Holliman, D. (20101) 'An analysis of marketing programmes adopted by regional small and medium-sized enterprises' Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 17 (2):184
1462-6004
10.1108/14626001011041201
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222469
Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14626001011041201
Archived with thanks to Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229712020-04-23T07:28:23Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Training needs for women-owned SMEs in England
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Harrison, Pegram
training
entrepreneurship
women
women entrepreneurs
SMEs
Originality/value – The study offers original primary research into the contributory growth factors for women-owned enterprises in a representative area of Britain, identifies key issues, maps survival and success factors, and assesses women entrepreneurs' training needs and preferences.
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to investigate the needs and preferences for training among growth-oriented women-owned SMEs in the East of England. Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative data were collected through 108 on-line questionnaires, and the means analysed using SPSS. Qualitative data collected in response to open-ended questions were inductively analysed and interpreted. Findings – Only one fourth of respondents received growth-oriented training in the previous two years, with an average duration of 3-5 days per year. Programmes most in demand concerned innovation and opportunity recognition, business evaluation and growth considerations, developing strategic customers and customers care, customer relationship management, as well as selling, networking and negotiation skills. High demand for these programmes corresponds to others results identifying contributory factors to higher enterprise performance and growth: product/service quality, new product/service development, appropriate marketing, effective use of websites, selling skills and informal networking. Research limitations/implications – The scope of the project is limited to service sectors and sole proprietorships. Geographic scope is limited to the East of England. These limits nonetheless provide a reasonable base and rationale for the scope of the study. Practical implications – With a better understanding of the capacity building requirements of women entrepreneurs in growth businesses, appropriately designed training programmes can be developed to help women achieve higher levels of entrepreneurial success.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2008-05
Article
Training needs for women-owned SMEs in England 2008, 50 (8/9):687 Education + Training
0040-0912
10.1108/00400910810917064
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222971
Education + Training
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00400910810917064
Archived with thanks to Education + Training
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2224612020-04-23T07:28:23Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Barriers to development and progression of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Parrott, Guy
entrepreneurship
women entrepreneurs
Pakistan
This article would help integration of women entrepreneurs into the mainstream economy in Pakistan.
In Pakistan, women entrepreneurs do not enjoy the same opportunities as men due to a number of deep-rooted discriminatory socio-cultural values and traditions. Furthermore, these restrictions can be observed within the support mechanisms that exist to assist such fledgling businesswomen. The economic potential of female entrepreneurs is not being realised as they suffer from a lack of access to capital, land, business premises, information technology, training and agency assistance. Inherent attitudes of a patriarchal society, that men are superior to women and that women are best suited to be homemakers, create formidable challenges. Women also receive little encouragement from some male family members, resulting in limited spatial mobility and a dearth of social capital. The research suggests that in order to foster development, multi-agency cooperation is required. The media, educational policy makers and government agencies could combine to provide women with improved access to business development services and facilitate local, regional and national networks.
2012-05-08
2012-05-08
2008-05
Article
Barriers to Development and Progression of Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan 2008, 17 (1):59 Journal of Entrepreneurship
0971-3557
10.1177/097135570701700105
10.1177/097135570701700105
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222461
Journal of Entrepreneurship
en
http://joe.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/097135570701700105
Archived with thanks to Journal of Entrepreneurship
Sage Journals
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229912020-04-23T07:28:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Behind the veil: women-only entrepreneurship training in Pakistan
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Harrison, Pegram
entrepreneurship
women
Pakistan
Practical implications – For women entrepreneurs living in an Islamic society, this analysis has implications for understanding the importance and effectiveness of entrepreneurial training especially in a women-only setting. For policy makers, it turns the spotlight on the need for creating an environment conducive to female entrepreneurship consistent with socio-cultural structures and gender asymmetries.
Originality/value – There are no comparable previous data on the learning preferences and outcomes of this particular demographic group.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the gender-related challenges of Pakistani women entrepreneurs, to explore these women's particular capacity-building needs, and to assess the impact of capacity-building programs on the establishment and performance of the women's enterprises. Design/methodology/approach – The paper begins with a review of various theoretical contexts through which to understand women's entrepreneurship in an Islamic socio-cultural context. From this, the paper derived two working propositions: women in Islamic Pakistan face particular barriers to becoming entrepreneurs; these barriers can be reduced by women-only training in entrepreneurial competences. These propositions are examined in a three-part longitudinal process: a field survey to gather information about the training needs of current and potential women entrepreneurs, the design and delivery of a women-only training module, a follow-up survey with participants, 18 months later. Subjects and participants were randomly selected, and segmented according to entrepreneurial factors and characteristics. Findings – Results confirm that the barriers perceived by women entrepreneurs in Islamic Pakistan can be alleviated through women-only training that allows participants to develop capital and competences. Greater clarity about learning outcomes desired and achieved by women entrepreneurs in an Islamic socio-cultural context can be a basis for designing improved training and education programmes, with a view to women's economic empowerment.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2010-06
Article
Roomi, M.A. (2010) 'Behind the veil: women-only entrepreneurship training in Pakistan' International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 2 (2):150
1756-6266
10.1108/17566261011051017
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222991
International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17566261011051017
Archived with thanks to International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229922020-04-23T07:28:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Women-owned small and medium enterprises in England: analysis of factors influencing the growth process
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Harrison, Pegram
Beaumont-Kerridge, John
entrepreneurship
women
growth
women entrepreneurs
SMEs
Practical implications – This research has implications for government or other business development agencies seeking to understand the growth patterns and problems of women-owned enterprises in the East of England.
Originality/value – There are few British studies that have focussed on growth oriented women-owned businesses. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by attempting to understand the nature and activities of such business, by analysing the main growth factors and their influence on different growth strategies.
Purpose – This study attempts to understand the nature and activities of growth-oriented women-owned businesses in the East of England by highlighting the problems faced by women entrepreneurs during the growth process. Design/methodology/approach – The approach analysed the main growth factors and their influence on the adoption of different growth strategies. An online questionnaire was designed using Snap survey software™, with results exported to SPSS™ for analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected via a variety of scaled, open-ended, rank order, dichotomous, multiple choice and open questions. Findings – The research indicates that most do not opt to develop growth-oriented businesses, choosing instead small, non-scalable, locally focused businesses providing services or operating in low-tech industries. Women who are growth-oriented appear to be inhibited due to a lack of access to, and control over such resources as, capital, business premises, information and technology, production inputs, appropriate childcare, qualifications, experience, training facilities and appropriate assistance from business development agencies. Non-effective accumulation and use of social capital hinders access to appropriate decision-making circles, and limits the probability of accessing critical management and financing resources, especially through the venture capital industry.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2009-05
Article
Roomi, M., Harrison, P., Beaumont-Kerridge, J. (2009) 'Women-owned small and medium enterprises in England: Analysis of factors influencing the growth process' Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 16 (2):270
1462-6004
10.1108/14626000910956056
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222992
Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14626000910956056
Archived with thanks to Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229932020-04-23T07:28:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Entrepreneurial capital, social values and Islamic traditions: exploring the growth of women-owned enterprises in Pakistan
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
entrepreneurship
women
Pakistan
women entrepreneurs
Main Article
This study seeks to explore the variables contributing to the growth of women-owned enterprises in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Based on a previously established multivariate model, it uses two econometric approaches: first classifying variables into predetermined blocks; and second, using the general to specific approach. Statistical analyses and in-depth interviews confirm that women entrepreneurs’ personal resources and social capital have a significant role in their business growth. Further, it reveals that the moral support of immediate family, independent mobility and being allowed to meet with men play a decisive role in the sales and employment growth of women-owned enterprises in an Islamic country such as Pakistan.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011-11
Article
Roomi, M.A. (2011) 'Entrepreneurial capital, social values and Islamic traditions: Exploring the growth of women-owned enterprises in Pakistan' International Small Business Journal 31 (2) 175-191
0266-2426
1741-2870
10.1177/0266242610397403
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222993
International Small Business Journal
en
na
http://isb.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0266242610397403
Sage Journals
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229942020-04-23T07:35:48Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Impact of social capital development and use in the growth process of women-owned firms
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
entrepreneurship
women
social capital
growth
UK
Main Article
Drawing upon the Churchill and Lewis stage growth model of enterprises, this study explains the role of social capital possessed by women entrepreneurs in different stages of growth within their firms. Friends and family as well as women-only networks in the start-up stage; customers, staff, and suppliers in the survival stage; mixed networks as well as business and professional advisers in the success and take-off stages; and suppliers and/or distributors in the maturity stage have been found to be the main sources of women entrepreneurs' social capital. In particular, the study highlights industry differences as well as norms of behavior based on trust and obligation through which they successfully transform their contacts into useful resources. The availability of these resources as well as access to information, advice, and ideas act as a catalyst in developing and growing their businesses.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2009-11
Article
Roomi, M. (2009) 'Impact of social capital development and use in the growth process of women-owned firms'. Journal of Enterprising Culture 17 (04):473
0218-4958
10.1142/S0218495809000436
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222994
Journal of Enterprising Culture
en
http://www.worldscinet.com/jec/17/1704/S0218495809000436.html
Archived with thanks to Journal of Enterprising Culture
World Scientific Journals
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229952020-04-23T07:28:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Entrepreneurial leadership: what is it and how should it be taught?
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Harrison, Pegram
entrepreneurial leadership teaching
entrepreneurship education
leadership education
Main Article
We offer a comprehensive review of the literature relating to entrepreneurial leadership, noting that there are diverse understandings of the concept and little exploration of how best to teach it. We next present empirical data from a survey of teaching practices at 51 HEIs in the UK that indicate little explicit teaching of entrepreneurial leadership. Drawing on this literature and data, we make recommendations for the design of teaching materials that emphasise the relevance of leadership in entrepreneurship education and of entrepreneurship in leadership education.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011-10
Article
Roomi, M.A., Harrison, P. (2011) 'Entrepreneurial Leadership: What Is It and How Should It Be Taught?' International Review of Entrepreneurship, 9 (3)
2009-2822
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222995
International Review of Entrepreneurship
en
http://www.senatehall.com/uploads/fck/1038RoomiHarrison9_3.pdf
Senate Hall
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229962020-04-23T07:28:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Accounting for the development of human capital in manufacturing organizations: a study of the Pakistani textile sector
Chaudhry, Naveed Iqbal
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
human capital
human resource accounting
investment appraisal
Pakistan
textile industry
training
Research limitations/implications – Owing to the research design, the results may exhibit a lack of generalizability to other sectors. As the results cannot be applied to other organizations, further research can be done by using the same techniques.
Originality/value – This paper is a groundbreaking work in Pakistan and thereby an addition to the existing global literature on human resource accounting. This research provides new directions for the literature in this area, by encouraging a debate about the importance of investing in the development of human capital.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the impact of human capital development in organizations. It is based on some conceptual aspects of human resource accounting and considers how investments in the development of human capital can be measured in order to investigate the financial returns for organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The study is exploratory in nature as this is the first of its kind in the Pakistani manufacturing sector. The technique of convenience sampling was used to collect the data due to time and resource limitations. The sample comprises of 30 leading companies in the Pakistani textile sector. A self-administered postal questionnaire was designed for the research survey. The results focus on the benefits derived by using the capital investment appraisal techniques of human resource accounting including: return on investment, benefit to cost ratio, weighted average cost of capital, and bottom line evaluations. Findings – The results provide evidence of an association between investment in the development of human capital and the benefits, which organizations can reap from such investments. It further finds that the organizations investing in training and development programs provide high employee productivity that ultimately contributes towards high-organizational performance.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2010-10
Article
Accounting for the development of human capital in manufacturing organizations: A study of the Pakistani textile sector 2010, 14 (3):178 Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting
1401-338X
10.1108/14013381011095463
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222996
Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14013381011095463
Archived with thanks to Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229722020-04-23T07:34:34Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The commercialisation of BDS through an NGO: case study of AKRSP-Pakistan
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
ur Rehman, Mujeeb
Newnham, Jack
Business Development Services
Book Chapter
Based on the theme of how donors can play a more effective role to stimulate effective and sustainable provision of BDS by or through private sector intermediaries, this case study looks at how the Aga Khan Rural Support Programme (AKRSP) has sought to encourage the development of markets for Business Development Services (BDS) in the remote areas of northern Pakistan. This paper explores that the isolation of the region, poor infrastructure, small scale of landholdings, and lack of economic development leads to problems when attempting to promote markets for business development services. In the short term, the priority is the development of more basic markets, rather than markets for business development services. Without active markets there are a few opportunities for BDS provision let alone the development of vibrant private sector markets for BDS. It specifies the geographic, economic, political, and institutional context in which the AKRSP’s interventions have been implemented. Grassroots village based initiatives have been discussed, where groups of farmers are facilitated by AKRSP to provide BDS to neighboring farmers (farmers interest groups in Chitral), along with more structured formal approaches such as the more direct provision of BDS through commercial entity associated with AKRSP (North South Seeds). It is argued that both models have a positive impact on MSME performance and lead to market development in the long run. Both are methods through which donors can promote BDS markets but which model is most appropriate depends on the market being served. Where the service offered is relatively simple and the business of the BDS provider is relatively straight-forward, facilitating private sector intermediaries may be the most effective way of creating markets for BDS. However, where the service is complex and there is a need to establish a sophisticated organisation to provide the service, it may be necessary to set up an organisation within the NGO, on commercially sustainable basis if possible, with a view to fully commercialising and ideally privatising the organisation over time.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2001
Book chapter
• Roomi, M. A., ur Rehman, Mujeeb, and Newnham, J. (2001). Commercialisation of Business Development Services through NGOs – A Case Study of AKRSP-Pakistan. Small Business Services in Asian Countries. London, UK: ITDG.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222972
Small Business Services in Asian Countries
en
na
ITDG, UK
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2232132020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Different strokes: changing fortunes
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Srinivasan, Kshama
entrepreneurial characteristics
entrepreneurial traits
expansion strategy
growth
entrepreneurship
Peer Assessed Case Study for Teaching
Start-up firms face a myriad of problems from their inception to growth, which differ with their magnitude and nature of the industry. Entrepreneurs need to consider several factors such as access to capital, land, infrastructure, and labour; product development and its life cycle; use of technology; marketing as well as customers' satisfaction. This case study highlights these issues during establishment and development of a business successfully and enlighten students as to how an entrepreneur handles them in an effective manner. It also explains the ways in which an entrepreneur uses innovative ideas to create and exploit business opportunities for monetary gains. It explains why and how timely decisions and entrepreneurial traits contribute to the success of an entrepreneurial venture. The case study is about an entrepreneurial endeavour embarked upon by Lee, from his one bedroom apartment. The business kicked off by importing high quality copier paper from China at cheaper prices to earn high profits. The business showed an incremental performance in the first few years but exhibited exponential growth through diversification in the coming years. Nevertheless it has now multiplied several fold into a large outsourcing firm, under its founder's entrepreneurial leadership.
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
Other
Roomi, M. A. and Srinivasan, K. (2010). Different Strokes: Changing Fortunes. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 810-021-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 810-021-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223213
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=94045
European Case Clearing House
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2232122020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
From rags to riches
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Chaudhry, A.
Khan, A.
innovation
creativity
entrepreneurship
gap analysis
services
opportunity recognition
interpersonal skills
Pakistan
Peer Assessed Case Study for Teaching
This case is a story of an average Pakistani boy, growing up in poverty but who nurtured qualities like courage to take independent initiatives, single mindedness, hard work, sheer focus on his goals and determination to cope with all circumstances. The decisions he made finally allowed him to carve out a very decent life for himself. The protagonist is Mr Abid, who through his observations and determinations has become a success. The case examines various events of his life that contributed towards his rise as an entrepreneur. The objectives of this case are: (1) To familiarize students with various character traits of an entrepreneur. (2) How an entrepreneur differs from a businessman in his outlook on business. (3) The importance of soft skills for an entrepreneur. The case is ideally suited for those students who are taking an introductory course of entrepreneurship and can lay a solid analytical foundation for more complex cases.
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
2010
Other
Roomi, M. A., Chaudhry, A. and Khan, A. (2010). From Rags to Riches. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 810-058-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 810-058-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223212
en
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2231942020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The way forward: a management dilemma
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Chaudhry, A.
Khan, A.
Service
Restaurant
Motivation
Hospitality
Communication
Human resource
Pakistan
Lahore
Training
Development
Peer Assessed Case Study for Teaching
This case is centred on various Human Resource issues arising in a business endeavour setup by Aftab, an ambitious business man. The business under discussion was a restaurant opened in the Pakistani city of Lahore. The case was written with the intent of shedding light on the importance of HR for an establishment. The case explains that by ignoring HR issues the organization can suffer tremendously. The case is ideally suited for students who are taking an introductory module on Human resource management. The case can be best utilized if the students have studied Strategic Human Resource Planning, as well as have an understanding of the four basic HR functions of Staffing, Training and Development, Motivation and Maintenance. By studying and solving this case students will be able to; 1) Identify the importance of effective Recruitment policies. 2) How a lack of JDs and JSs can decline employee morale. 3) The importance of an effective training plan. 4) The importance of Communication.
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., Chaudhry,A. and Khan, A. (2011). The Way Forward: A Management Dilemma. European Case Clearing House. Case Study - Ref 411-023-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 411-023-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223194
en
European Case Clearing House
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230652020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The rise of technopsis : an entrepreneurial journey
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Khan, A.
Chaudhry, A.
Services
IT
MIS
Pakistan
investment
decision making
functions
software
shapes
recession
business growth
Peer assessed case study for teaching
This case is centric on the identification and discussion of various characteristics of an entrepreneur. The case reveals the story of the son of an immigrant who came to Pakistan after the partition of the Indian Subcontinent in 1947. The name of the protagonist is Nabeel Qadeer. The case sheds light on how on the basis of his grit, determination and never-say-die attitude, Nabeel was able to establish a very effective business of his own which led him to realize his dreams of becoming financially independent. The case is ideally suited for students who are taking up an introductory module on Entrepreneurship. The case however can best be utilized if the students have studied some basic business frameworks such as PESTLE, SWOT, and GAP analyses. After solving this case study students will be able to understand: 1) Characteristics of an entrepreneur 2) Strategies that separate a businessman from an entrepreneur 3) Importance of soft skills for an entrepreneur.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., Khan, A. and Chaudhry, A. (2011). The Rise of Technopsis: An Entrepreneurial Journey. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 311-203-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 311-203-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223065
en
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230642020-04-23T07:28:26Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Opening doors to closed ventures: an entrepreneur’s vision
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Srinivasan, Kshama
entrepreneurial characteristics
emerging markets
entrepreneurship
entrepreneurial behaviour
growth
Peer assessed case study for teaching
The case study is about Vel, supervisor at a yarn factory in south India, when his company retrenched employees and closed down due to a loss in business. His previous experience and skill in the yarn industry, enabled to open up a small entrepreneurial venture in manufacturing yarn. His successful business led others to start similar and allied industries in the area. He then diversified the business into related areas in dyeing yarn; manufacturing innovative Indian clothes and doing ‘Finishing processes’ in ready-mades. The case explains how entrepreneurs exploit business opportunities, regardless of the resources they have to make profit. It shows how they use creativity to exploit business opportunities and manage resources to achieve profit and competitive advantage in creating wealth. It emphasises on complementary skills; prior experience; marketing skills, and managerial abilities as responsible factors for a successful business. It further teaches how entrepreneurial activities promote economic growth in a given society, where a successful business promotes the growth of several similar and related businesses in the area that perpetuate economic growth. The importance of innovation; raw material; and social and human capital is highlighted to show that they are the drivers of economic growth in entrepreneurial ventures.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2012
Other
Roomi, M. A., and Srinivasan, K. (2012). Opening Doors to Closed Ventures: An Entrepreneur’s Vision. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 811-054-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 811-054-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223064
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=105630
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230622020-04-23T07:28:26Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Unleashing entrepreneurship: experimenting with the unknown
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Srinivasan, Kshama
entrepreneurial characteristics
human and social capital
growth
entrepreneurship
human capital
social capital
Peer assessed case study for teaching and learning
The case revolves around two entrepreneurs Ahmed and Ali and explains their entrepreneurial behaviours that led to different ventures. Ahmed had a background in civil engineering and work experience in building construction, while Ali graduated in mechanical engineering and worked as senior mechanical engineer in a company at Muscat. Their complementary skills led to several entrepreneurial ventures in Muscat. Ahmed closed down his businesses at Tanzania due to unfavourable political and economic conditions and started them in Muscat. Entrepreneurs pursue opportunities regardless of the resources they have to achieve them, where they largely depend on others to help them mobilise tangible and intangible assets to establish new ventures. The case study explains how entrepreneurs exploit business opportunities and the influence of antecedent and external factors on entrepreneurial careers. It teaches that entrepreneurs use innovative methods and exploit changes in introducing new products, services and processes, which earn high income and profit. It explains that entrepreneurs look at uncertainties in the market and business environment as new business opportunities, which they exploit to achieve high income, profit, competitive advantage and growth. Furthermore, it underpins the importance of innovation; human and social capital as contributing factors to success in entrepreneurial ventures.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., and Srinivasan, K. (2011). Unleashing Entrepreneurship: Experimenting with the Unknown. Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 811-055-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 811-055-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223062
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=105633
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2229972016-10-31T13:41:49Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Impact of women-only entrepreneurship training in Islamic society
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Harrison, Pegram
Social Capital
Book Chapter
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2008
Book chapter
Roomi, M.A. (2008). Impact of Women-only Entrepreneurship Training in Islamic Society. In Women's Entrepreneurship and Social Capital: A Dialogue and Construction, I. Aaltio, E. Sundin, and P. Kyrö, Eds. Denmark: Copenhagen Business School Press.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/222997
Women's Entrepreneurship and Social Capital: A Dialogue and Construction
en
na
Copenhagen Business School Press
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2232202016-09-30T12:23:55Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Proposed strategy for the establishment and development of small and medium enterprises in Pakistan
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
SMEs
Pakistan
small business
Book Chapter
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
2000
Book chapter
Roomi, M. A. (2000). 'Proposed Strategy for the Establishment and Development of Small and Medium Enterprises in Pakistan'. Small and Medium Enterprises in Asian Pacific Countries: Linkages and Policy Support, New York, USA: Nova Science Publishers.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223220
Small and Medium Enterprises in Asian Pacific Countries: Linkages and Policy Support
en
Nova Science Publishers
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2232152020-04-23T07:28:29Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Issues and challenges faced by the potential women entrepreneurs in Pakistan: a case study of Sind Province
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Kumar, Mukesh
Rehman, Sumaira
Chaudhry, Naveed Iqbal
SMEs
women
training
entrepreneurship
women entrepreneurs
Pakistan
Journal Article
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the issues and challenges faced by potential women entrepreneurs in Pakistan. This study focuses on their motivating factors to start their own businesses and highlights their preferences for different aspects of training and development programs. Survey through questionnaire of 400 potential women entrepreneurs was conducted to analyse issues and challenges faced by and understand their preference related to different aspects of training program. The potential entrepreneurs selected for survey were part of one training program funded by Government of Sindh and this program was implemented by Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA). The data is analyzed by using the midpoint approach. The research confirms that in Pakistan the majority of potential women entrepreneurs have preferences for women-only training program. It also identifies that only in big cities they prefer combined training program. This paper also identifies that majority of the potential women entrepreneurs prefer English language as medium of instruction during the training programs. The main motivating factor in starting their own business was their intention to support the family. This research will be helpful for public sector agencies in Pakistan which are working support potential entrepreneurs. It will be helpful in formulating effective entrepreneurship training and other support programs. It would also support the policy makers to look holistically the women entrepreneurship. This paper will provide guidelines for potential women entrepreneurs in Pakistan against challenges which they may face. Key words: potential women entrepreneurs, Pakistan, issues and challenges.
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
2011
Article
Roomi, M.A. (2011). Issues and Challenges Faced by the Potential Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan: A Case Study of Sind Province. International Journal of Management Reserach and Emerging Sciences. 1 (1), 119-131. (With Kumar, M. and Chaudhry, N. I.)
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223215
International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences
en
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230372020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The hard road : steps on the entrepreneurial journey
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
entrepreneurship
careers
Case Study
In this world of downsizing, restructuring and technological change, notions of traditional careers and ways of creating value have all been challenged. People are depending more upon their own initiative to realise success. Never, it seems, have more people been embarking upon the entrepreneurial journeys than now, particularly to use their creativity and innovation to introduce new products and services for a competitive edge in the market. The case study aims to explain the importance of creativity and innovation as well as the difficult steps involved in the entrepreneurial journey ranging from research and product development to establishing a successful firm. It also illuminates that how dedication, devotion, and determination help in making a successful entrepreneurial venture. It highlights the problems faced by Dr Nasir in turning his innovative concepts into reality by introducing his new and novel supraglottic device 'I-gel'. It further elucidates the need for continuous creativity and innovation for organisational growth and personal entrepreneurial achievement.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2010
Other
Roomi, M. A. (2010). 'The Hard Road: Steps on the Entrepreneurial Journey'. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 810-038-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 810-038-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223037
en
European Case Clearing House
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2232142020-04-23T07:28:29Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Defining prospects
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Chaudhry, A.
Hameed, Afshan
entrepreneurship
business planning
opportunity recognition
idea generation
retail pharmacy
job portals
market survey
Peer Assessed Case Study for Teaching
The case study describes the situation of a female student, Anum, who gets inspired by training on entrepreneurship and was motivated from there to start her quest to become a real entrepreneur. The business plan competition comes out as the deciding event of her destiny as it was held amongst the best brains of university and thus was the toughest. This case has discussed various approaches that Anum used to generate four business ideas to take part in the competition. The information in this case revolves around idea generation process including personal factors, contextual matters, sources and techniques of research. Learning outcomes of the case are manifold yet primarily; it focuses on one of the central areas of entrepreneurship ie idea generation and its evaluation. This case is intended to serve as an indigenous solution to those who want to become future entrepreneurs but do not know how to build business ideas or assess their viability. Those who are most likely to get benefit from this case are: (1) the audience / students who haven't got any prior experience of working in any organization or played role in business in any capacity; and (2) novices to the study of entrepreneurship.
2012-05-11
2012-05-11
2010
Other
Roomi, M. A., Chaudhry, A. and Hameed, A. (2010). 'Defining Prospects'. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 810-054-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 810-054-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223214
en
European Case Clearing House
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230732020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Knocking doors for creating new ventures
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Srinivasan, Kshama
entrepreneurial characteristics
entrepreneurial traits
expansion strategy
growth
entrepreneurship
Peer assessed case study for teaching
Entrepreneurs take huge risks in exploiting business opportunities for profit, where they bring together human resources, financial resources, technical skills, and assets for carrying out their entrepreneurial activities and achieving their objectives. While some entrepreneurs own sufficient resources in start-ups, a majority of them rely on resources held by others, which they largely access through social contacts. They adopt appropriate business strategies and structures to optimise the performance of their firms. Besides, they exercise excellent communication and negotiation skills in managing and growing their businesses with the help of human and social capital. The case study explores the growth of a small entrepreneurial firm from its inception and highlights the entrepreneurial characteristics and factors contributing to its success. It explains how entrepreneurs adopt different strategies and structures, face challenging situations, and provide solutions to problems that encounter in managing and growing their organisations. In addition, it throws light on the importance of building and using social and human capital, effective networking systems and team management that determine the success of an organisation. Apart from this, it emphasises the importance of relational contracts in organisations, where employees, customers, investors and suppliers largely contribute to its success.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A. and Srinivasan, K. (2011). Knocking Doors for Creating New Ventures. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 811-020-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 811-020-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223073
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=100477
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230682020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Breaking grounds through innovative strategies: an entrepreneurial feat
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Srinivasan, Kshama
entrepreneurial characteristics
entrepreneurial traits
expansion strategy
growth
entrepreneurship
innovation
Peer assessed case study for teaching
The case study describes the evolution of a small entrepreneurial business, which has adopted appropriate strategies for its survival and growth in the competitive market. It reflects on the important entrepreneurial characteristics involved in the establishment, management and growth of the entrepreneurial venture, while highlighting on other factors, responsible for the success of the business. Entrepreneurs are quick to recognise business opportunities and exploit them through creative means for profit. They realise this by introducing innovative products and services or modifying the existing ones to gain a competitive advantage. It is imperative for them to mobilise human resources, financial resources, technical skills, raw materials and assets, while establishing their businesses, which they own but largely depend on others. Besides, entrepreneurs grow their firms internally (organic growth) by introducing innovative products and services for gaining a competitive edge; and through amalgamations or mergers with established firms (inorganic growth). However, they need to flex their styles of management and strategies according to the changing needs of the business, which is largely determined by the market forces of demand and supply, labour market, suppliers, and consumers for striking a successful business.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., and Sriivasan, K. (2011). Breaking Grounds through Innovative Strategies: An Entrepreneurial Feat. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 811-021-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 811-021-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223068
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=100479
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230342020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The Sozo effect
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Lodhi, Waqas Khan
Hameed, Afshan
Chaudhry, Abdul Rehman
innovation
creativity
entrepreneurship
gap analysis
services
opportunity recognition
Pakistan
marketing
Peer assessed case study for teaching
This Case accounts the story of an entrepreneurial venture named SOZO WATERPARK situated at Jallo 28km from Lahore, Pakistan. Zoraiz, was the person who identified this big enthralling opportunity in entertainment sector and materialized it with his acumen and commitment. To this end, the focus of the case is on the process of how the idea was developed, forces that persuaded him to plug in this huge project and strategies through which he accomplished his endeavour. The case ended up with narrating profound concern of owner towards future growth of the business. The objective of teaching this case is to provide students/readers an indigenous example of how to become an entrepreneur and setting up entrepreneurial ventures. The analysis of this case will give them insight into how ideas can be generated and how to proceed for the execution of huge projects. The case will also help students in learning how to devise strategies to ensure the growth of business in future. This case is ideally suitable for the students studying the basic level of the subjects of Business, Marketing and entrepreneurship.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., Lodhi, W., Hameed, A. and Chaudhry, A. (2011). The Sozo Effect. European Case Clearing House, European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 811-038-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 811-038-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223034
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=102337
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230672020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Pak Star Automobile Limited
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Azhar, S.
Chaudhry, A.
Pakistan
HRM
Training
Development
Selection
Recruitment
Compensation
Salary
Benefits
human resource management
Peer assessed case study for teaching
Mr Gulraiz Khan, a newly appointed general manager of the Pak Star (Pvt) Automobiles Ltd observed dissatisfaction of staff regarding low salaries, lack of recognition, prevalent job insecurity, the absence of reward for performance and poor handling of labour matters. A high turnover at the managerial and executives cadres was evident of their extreme dissatisfaction on the job. Most of the human resource related activities were being performed by administration department which resulted in various inadequacies in recruitment & selection, training & development and performance and compensation management. This ultimately caused work load, dissatisfaction, declining performance and demotivation of staff. A gradual shift from hierarchical to an informal organizational structure was adopted with an intention to reduce perceived power distance and to improve performance. Despite the provision of significant employee benefits, allowances, health care and safety measures, employees’ distress was on the rise. There was an increased pressure on Gulraiz to handle all these issues surfacing drastically in the organization. Gulraiz was determined to address the human resource issues on priority but bewildered as from where to start and how to revamp the whole HR system to resolve numerous conflicting issues.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., Azhar, S. and Chaudhry, A. (2011). 'Pak Star Automobile Limited'. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 411-063-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 411-063-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223067
en
European Case Clearing House
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2230662020-04-23T07:28:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
What went wrong? implementation of MIS at an academic institution
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Nasir, M.
Khan, A.
Chaudhry, A.
Services
Academia
MIS
Pakistan
Investment
Risk analysis
Risk management
Record Maintenance System
management information systems
G540 Databases
Peer assessed case study for teaching
This case is written about the decision of NITE authorities to introduce a latest computer application system named MOODLE-Learning Management System to enhance the institute’s performance and productivity. The top management took this decision after observing that traditional means of data handling and communications were not fulfilling the needs of the institution. It was hoped that by introducing this state of the art technology, the efficiency and effectiveness of the university would increase. However, the practical implementation and day to day usage of LMS made the real situation even more difficult for the NITE’s management. This multimillion Rupee project proved to be more of a nuisance than a convenience for the staff members and students of the university. Hence the frequently arising problems forced the management to rethink about affectivity of the system or on other ways to rectify the problematic situation.
2012-05-10
2012-05-10
2011
Other
Roomi, M. A., Nasir, M., Khan, A. and Chaudhry, A. (2011). What Went Wrong? Implementation of MIS at an Academic Institution. European Case Clearing House, Cranfield, UK. Case Study - Ref 311-173-1 + Teaching Note - Ref 311-173-8
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223066
en
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2237732020-04-23T07:28:28Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Gender and work-life balance: a phenomenological study of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Rehman, Sumaira
cultural norms
gender
Islamic society
Pakistan
social values
women entrepreneurs
work-life balance
Originality/value – This ground-breaking work in Pakistan on women entrepreneurs' work-life balance may also inspire other women who want to start their entrepreneurial career.
Purpose – Increased participation of women in the labor force creates challenges for them to balance work and family obligations. The situation becomes more complicated in patriarchal societies such as Pakistan due to women's stereotypical domestic roles, religious prescriptions as well as cultural norms and values. This study aims to explore different influencing factors on women's work and family roles in the unique Pakistani socio-economic and cultural environment. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the interpretive phenomenological approach (IPA), this study explores different influencing factors on women's work and family roles in the unique Pakistani socio-economic and cultural environment. The methodology helped to analyse data about challenges faced by women entrepreneurs to achieve work-life balance as well as to have an insight about some of the techniques and effective strategies they use to balance work and family obligation. Findings – The results show that among other motivational drivers to start their own businesses, achieving work-life balance is one of the most significant ones. Their own businesses give them flexibility, control and freedom to juggle with their family and social responsibilities. Lack of sufficient time, gender bias, social and cultural norms as well as family responsibilities are the most significant challenges women face to achieve balance in a patriarchal Islamic society. Strategic planning, organising and delegating are the most effective strategies women use to cope with competing roles of work and family.
2012-05-15
2012-05-15
2012-05
Article
Sumaira Rehman, Muhammad Azam Roomi, (2012) "Gender and work-life balance: a phenomenological study of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 19 Iss: 2, pp.209 - 228
1462-6004
10.1108/14626001211223865
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223773
Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/14626001211223865
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2237722020-04-23T07:28:28Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Consuming Bollywood: young Sikhs social comparisons with heroes and heroines in Indian films
Takhar, Amandeep
Maclaran, Pauline
Parsons, Elizabeth
Broderick, Anne
University of Keele
identity
Bollywood
social comparison theory
consumer culture
qualitative research
social identity
Sikh culture
This UK based interpretivist study uses social identity and social comparison theory to consider how third generation members of the British Sikh community are consuming Bollywood films. Through the application of social comparison theory this study seeks to extend knowledge relating to how social comparison theory contributes to ethnic identity construction. The consumption of Bollywood provides a valuable to negotiate ethnic identity. There are three key themes that emerged to demonstrate the ways in which social comparisons to Bollywood are influencing the ethnic identities of third generation British Sikhs: (1)social comparisons and ideals of romance, (2) gender differences: making comparisons to heroes and heroines; and (3) British versus Indian self.
2012-05-15
2012-05-15
2010
Article
Book
Takhar, A., Maclaran, P., Parsons, E., Broderick, A. (2010) 'Consuming Bollywood: Young Sikhs social comparisons with heroes and heroines in Indian films' Journal of Marketing Management 26 (11-12):1057
0267-257X
1472-1376
10.1080/0267257X.2010.508978
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/223772
Journal of Marketing Management
en
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0267257X.2010.508978
Archived with thanks to Journal of Marketing Management
Taylor and Francis
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2241642020-04-23T07:28:32Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Dividend payment practices in the non-financial sector of Pakistan: empirical evidence from the Karachi Stock Exchange
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Chaudhry, Naveed Iqbal
Azeem, M.
dividend policy
determinants and paying behaviour
Karachi Stock Exchange
Pakistan
dividend payments
Conference Paper
This study intends to investigate the dividend payment practices of the non-financial sectors of the Karachi Stock Exchange. All the dividend paying sectors of the Karachi Stock Exchange were investigated for the period 2004–2010. A well developed mixture of six variables along with the descriptive statistics was used to scrutinize the dividend paying behavior of different sectors. Inconsistency, reluctance and trivial average rate from 1.5% to 5% of the dividends were being paid by the sectors. Profitability was not functioning adequately with regard to dividends, and the highly profitable sectors were also in the habit of paying at a nominal rate. It was noticed that most of the funds were used to finance growth opportunities, but only the mature and highly Profitable sectors were keeping pace with growth opportunities and endeavoring to transform them for shareholders. Market capitalization was seen to oppose dividend trends in almost all the sectors. All the sectors tended to disburse the dividend rate at the very beginning, middle and at least to make a drift in it during the last couple of years, particularly in 2010. Corporate governance should be strengthened in order to protect the rights of individual shareholders.
2012-05-16
2012-05-16
2011
Meetings and Proceedings
Roomi M. A., Chaudhry N. I., and Azeem M. (2011) Dividend Payment Practices in the Non-Financial Sector of Pakistan: Empirical Evidence from the Karachi Stock Exchange, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Conference, Venice.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/224164
en
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2294312018-03-12T15:17:36Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Exploring the role of online consumer empowerment in reputation building: research questions and hypotheses
Siano, Alfonso
Vollero, Agostino
Palazzo, Maria
N500 Marketing
marketing
online marketing
reputation building
consumer empowerment
2012-06-18
2012-06-18
2012-06-18
Article
Exploring the role of online consumer empowerment in reputation building: Research questions and hypotheses 2011, 19 (1):57 Journal of Brand Management
1350-231X
1479-1803
10.1057/bm.2011.23
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/229431
Journal of Brand Management
en
http://www.palgrave-journals.com/doifinder/10.1057/bm.2011.23
Archived with thanks to Journal of Brand Management
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2442532020-04-23T07:28:47Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
An uphill task: what makes an entrepreneurial triumph?
Roomi, Muhammad Azam
Srinivasan, Kshama
University of Bedfordshire
entrepreneurship
opportunity recognition
idea generation
innovation
competitive advantage
Published Case Study
The case explains how Arun, a senior chemical analyst, establishes and grows his entrepreneurial venture, Agro-Needs with the assistance of his son Prasad, an agricultural engineer and partner in the business. The aim of this case study is to teach students how entrepreneurs who want to have an independent career are ‘pulled’ into business and start new entrepreneurial ventures. It reveals how these entrepreneurs stay committed to their work and motivated to achieve exponential growth. It also explains how they cope with problems and failures in start-ups, and how they use social capital to grow their ventures. Further, it also focuses on how entrepreneurs use innovation and competitive advantage to achieve exponential growth. Additionally, it teaches how entrepreneurs introduce innovative products and establish ventures to commercialise them for competitive advantage to achieve growth. Finally, it teaches the importance of information, knowledge and patent in innovation and how entrepreneurs manage risks to achieve growth.
2012-09-17
2012-09-17
2012-06
Other
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/244253
en
http://www.thecasecentre.org/educators/products/view?id=108155
European Case Clearing House, UK.
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2442552020-04-23T07:28:50Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Trust me I am an advert! : how to create trusting brand identity through advertising
Mortimer, Kathleen
Danbury, Annie Hagen
University of Northampton
trust
print advertising
brand identity
advertising
Since the importance of Relationship Marketing has been recognised, there has been considerable discussion in the Marketing literature on Trust generally. However, the creation of a trusting brand identity through advertising has received little attention. This paper is our first step towards examining this relationship. Focus group research was undertaken to identify the characteristics of print advertisements perceived as portraying a trusting image. Reasons for trusting a brand were also explored. The results show that advertisements that are simple, straightforward and clear are perceived as being more trusting. Consumers are also quite critical of current advertising efforts in building a trusting brand image.
2012-09-17
2012-09-17
2012-06-29
Meetings and Proceedings
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/244255
ICORIA Conference Proceedings
European Advertising Academy
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2520732020-04-23T07:28:50Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Online behaviour of luxury brand advocates: differences between active advocates and passive loyalists
Kanthavanich, Poramate
Danbury, Annie Hagen
Parrott, Guy
University of Bedfordshire
brand advocates
loyalty
luxury fashion
online community
The study aims to identify online behaviours of luxury brand advocates referring to differentiation between active and passive loyalists. A netnographic approach was used to observe groups of luxury handbag advocates. Key findings include an identification of engagement manifested in positive word of mouth and enthusiastic brand recommendation. Advocates routinely share their love of particular brands, openly expressing joy and sharing heightened levels of self-esteem. Engaged passive loyalists tend to share less with peers, but instead celebrate their purchases more personally.
2012-11-14
2012-11-14
2012-06-30
Conference papers, meetings and proceedings
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/252073
ICORIA Conference Proceedings 2012
en
European Advertising Academy
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2442582020-04-23T07:28:51Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
What is in it for me? an exploratory study of the impact of involvement and attitude on clinical trial behaviour
Danbury, Annie Hagen
dos Santos, Jessica
University of Bedfordshire
clinical trials
involvement
attitude to the advertisements
advertising
Consumers in the “information society” are overloaded with marketing communication and have become efficient at screening such messages by asking a simple question: “what is in it for me?” Relevance and involvement are important factors determining attention to communications messages. The study investigates the relationship between attitudes to the advertisement (and message) and potential behaviour consequences in a clinical trial context by conducting a survey of 300 people. The results indicate that the relationship between involvement, attitude and potential behaviour differs greatly among different age groups. Findings suggest two levels of involvement, attitudinal and behavioural, as having a different impact on potential behaviour. The study aims to identify online behaviours of luxury brand advocates referring to differentiation between active and passive loyalists. A netnographic approach was used to observe groups of luxury handbag advocates. Key findings include an identification of engagement manifested in positive word of mouth and enthusiastic brand recommendation. Advocates routinely share their love of particular brands, openly expressing joy and sharing heightened levels of self-esteem. Engaged passive loyalists tend to share less with peers, but instead celebrate their purchases more personally.
2012-09-17
2012-09-17
2009-06-28
Meetings and Proceedings
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/244258
ICORIA Conference Proceedings
en
European Advertising Academy
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2520742020-04-23T07:28:51Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Affective involvement in advertising effectiveness: implications for interpretation of print advertisements
Danbury, Annie Hagen
Mortimer, Kathleen
University of Bedfordshire
affective involvement
print advertisements
comprehension
likeability
advertising
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact that affective dimensions of involvement have on the decoding process of print advertisements. The results from a factorial experiment using advertisements for two types of product, credit cards and chocolate bars, indicate that outcomes of the decoding process are predominantly influenced by affective dimensions of involvement, such as interest and pleasure, in a low involvement situation. This affective involvement has a strong relationship with likeability of the advertisement. However the relationship between comprehension and likeability is less straightforward and seems to be linked to beliefs about the advertisement.
2012-11-14
2012-11-14
2011-06-28
Conference papers, meetings and proceedings
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/252074
ICORIA Conference Proceedings
en
European Advertising Academy
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2520752020-04-23T08:36:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The role of involvement in information processing
Danbury, Annie Hagen
University of Bedfordshire
involvement
information processing
print advertising
Poster
The advertising literature endorses the view that involvement moderates the link between advertising exposure, information processing, and the attitude formation process. Essentially, involvement affects the attention and processing efforts of consumers differently depending on their level of involvement. The aim was to examine the role and nature of involvement and its risk and pleasure antecedents in information processing of print advertisements. Recent developments within neuroscience suggest that consumer decision-making is foremost driven by affect (feelings) with little rational involvement except for post-rationalisation. The research has used popular involvement scales and advertising models that are based on, or include, both affective and cognitive dimensions to examine their relative impact on the decoding process. Information processing of advertising messages was examined by: • Selecting three product categories that were of medium to high involvement: chocolate bar, credit card, mobile telephone. • Developing advertisements with a risk and pleasure appeal for each category. • Conducting 2x3 factorial experiments with control using advertising portfolios and questionnaires. • Analysing the data within SPSS and creating AMOS path diagrams for each product category and advertising treatment to determine underlying decoding processes. Whilst the involvement construct was found to be relatively stable, the pleasure antecedents had greater influence on the decoding process and its outcomes. It was also revealed that advertising situations are specific and predominantly determined by affective processing. These findings highlight the need to re-examine popular involvement scales and advertising models that are based on, or include, cognitive dimensions of involvement. There are also implications for advertising strategies and executions as the results confirm a strong association between affective advertising stimuli and the decoding process, recall, and attitude to the advertisement.
2012-11-14
2012-11-14
2008-07-06
Image
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/252075
Teaching and Learning Conference
en
University of Bedfordshire
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2510082020-04-23T07:29:10Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Convenience: a services perspective
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
Rowley, J.
With increasing evidence that convenience is important to customers, the study revisits the concept to develop a research agenda that delivers an improved understanding of the nature of convenience. Accordingly, the paper concludes by pro-posing a definition of convenience and offering questions for further research based on a critique of existing models of convenience, and on the positioning of convenience in relation to associated concepts such as customer value, co-production and experiential consumption.
2012-11-05
2012-11-05
2009-12
Article
Farquhar, J.D., Rowley, J. (2009) 'Convenience: a services perspective' Marketing Theory 9 (4):425-438
1470-5931
10.1177/1470593109346894
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251008
Marketing Theory
en
http://mtq.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1470593109346894
Sage Publications
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2511382020-04-23T07:29:10Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Branding in UK banks and building societies: a relationship approach
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
branding
brand environment
relationships
stakeholders
banks
building societies
Branding in financial services has not really achieved the differentiation that providers of these services have been seeking. Banks and building societies (B&BS) have also invested heavily in the building of relationships, which may form a stronger basis for branding. The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative approach to branding, based on relationships. In-depth interviews were conducted with managers charged with customer relationships in a selection of UK high street banks and building societies to elicit the range of relationships that have the potential for branding initiatives. From the findings emerges a number of stakeholders who are then plotted into the brand environment of B&BS. This study develops an empirically derived approach to branding based stakeholder relationships and hence already embedded in the B&BS strategy.
2012-11-06
2012-11-06
2011-02
Article
Farquhar, J.D. (2011) 'Branding in UK banks and building societies: a relationship approach' Journal of Strategic Marketing 19 (1):43-56
0965-254X
10.1080/0965254X.2010.537762
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251138
Journal of Strategic Marketing
en
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0965254X.2010.537762
Taylor and Francis
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2511402020-04-23T07:29:10Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Strategy in services marketing: value generation
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
Hallidey, S.V.
This chapter extends understanding of services marketing strategies by highlighting the role of interaction rather than exchange, the alignment of corporate and marketing strategies in generating value and the development of a value generating chain as a means of informing specific strategy development.
2012-11-06
2012-11-06
2012-09
Book chapter
Farquhar, J.D., Hallidey,S.V., Strategy in Services Marketing: Value Generation in R. Fisk, L. Harris and R. Bennett (ed.) Serving Customers: Global Services Marketing Perspectives, 2012,chapter 13, Melbourne: Tilde University Press
978-0-7346-1099-7
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251140
en
http://www.tup.net.au/publications-new/Serving_Customers.aspx
Tilde University Press, Melbourne
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2511422020-04-23T07:29:10Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Markets, music and all that jazz
Kubacki, Krzysztof
Croft, Robin
In recent years there has been a welcome growth of interest in learning how artists understand, engage with and respond to aspects of business practice such as marketing. In the case of music it has been suggested that artists are by no means universally motivated by commercial success, and in many cases find the practices of mass marketing repellent. However, there is general agreement that the study of attitudes of artists is still in its infancy, not just in terms of identifying the research agenda, but just as pressingly in identifying a range of appropriate methodological tools for understanding the phenomenon. This paper aims to address these issues.
2012-11-06
2012-11-06
2011
Article
Markets, music and all that jazz 2011, 45 (5):805-821 European Journal of Marketing
0309-0566
10.1108/03090561111120046
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251142
European Journal of Marketing
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03090561111120046
Archived with thanks to European Journal of Marketing
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2511432020-04-23T07:29:10Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Reason and choice: a conceptual study of consumer decision making and electoral behavior
Dean, Dianne
Croft, Robin
electoral decision making
emotion
irrationality
rationality
reasoning
Rational choice supposes that individuals make their electoral decision in keeping with their own self-interest, undertaking a cost-benefit analysis, no different to choosing a product or service. Rather than reject the concept of rational choice, this paper will review the notions of rationality and reasoning, which, as Aristotle argues, are inseparable. We will support Marcus' (2002) grievance that emotional decision making is irrational and thus perceived negatively, rather than being seen to play an important motivational role in decision making. A framework is proposed that focuses upon the interplay among rationality, irrationality, reasoning, and emotion, and we argue that this is far more fluid than has been previously discussed.
2012-11-06
2012-11-06
2009-04
Article
Reason and Choice: A Conceptual Study of Consumer Decision Making and Electoral Behavior 2009, 8 (2):130-146 Journal of Political Marketing
1537-7857
1537-7865
10.1080/15377850902813386
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251143
Journal of Political Marketing
en
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15377850902813386
Archived with thanks to Journal of Political Marketing
Taylor and Francis
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2511442020-04-23T07:29:10Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
And did those feet? Getting medieval England “on-message”
Croft, Robin
Hartland, Trevor
Skinner, Heather
brands
historical periods
legends
myths
narratives
public relations
This paper aims to gain an understanding of the nature and extent of the practice of “public relations” in history. The paper uses an analysis of popular narratives (in particular rumour, legend and myth) to inform a detailed case study of Glastonbury abbey in the medieval period.
2012-11-06
2012-11-06
2008
Article
And did those feet? Getting medieval England “on-message” 2008, 12 (4):294-304 Journal of Communication Management
1363-254X
10.1108/13632540810919765
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251144
Journal of Communication Management
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13632540810919765
Archived with thanks to Journal of Communication Management
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2511522012-11-06T09:55:37Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The veneration of relics at Glastonbury Abbey in the middle ages
Croft, Robin
Durbin, Deanna
2012-11-06
2012-11-06
2012
Book chapter
Croft, R., Durbin, D., The veneration of relics at Glastonbury Abbey in the middle ages in Spirituality and Consumption (eds. Diego Rinallo, Linda Scott, Pauline Maclaran), 2012,part 3, chapter 9, Routledge
9780415889117
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/251152
en
http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415889117/
Routledge
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2709192020-04-23T08:42:56Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The multi-layered nature of the internet-based democratization of brand management
Asmussen, Bjoern
Harridge-March, Sally
Occhiocupo, Nicoletta
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
University of Bedfordshire
Oxford Brookes University
brand management
branding
Internet
democratization
social capital
online marketing
stakeholders
The evolution of the internet, including developments such as Web 2.0, has led to new relationship realities between organizations and their stakeholders. One manifestation of these complex new realities has been the emergence of an internet-based democratization of brand management. Research about this phenomenon has so far mainly focused on investigating just one or more individual themes and thereby disregarded the inherent multi-layered nature of the internet-based democratization of brand management as a holistic, socio-technological phenomenon. The aim of this paper is to address this limitation through an investigation of the various socio-technological democratization developments of the phenomenon. To achieve this aim, a balanced and stakeholder-oriented perspective on brand management has been adopted to conduct an integrative literature review. The review reveals three key developments, which together form the essential parts of the phenomenon: (I) the democratization of internet technology, (II) the democratization of information, and (III) the democratization of social capital. The insights gained help to clarify the basic structures of the multi-layered phenomenon. The findings contribute also to the substantiation of a call for a new brand management paradigm: one that takes not only company-initiated but also stakeholder-initiated brand management activities into account
2013-03-04
2013-03-04
2012-12
Article
Asmussen, B., Harridge-March, S., Occhiocupo, N., Farquhar, J. (2012) 'The multi-layered nature of the internet-based democratization of brand management'. Journal of business research 66 (9) pp 1473–1483
0148-2963
10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.09.010
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/270919
Journal of business research
en
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296312002469
Elsevier
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948512020-04-23T07:30:20Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
To have and to hold: managing channels in UK high street financial services
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
Panther, Tracy
Wright, Len Tiu
customer loyalty
customer relations
customer retention
financial services
qualitative research
United Kingdom
The purpose of this paper is to examine multiple channels in retail banking and demonstrate how qualitative market research investigations can inform strategic decision making. Research into customer acquisition and retention has only recently begun to consider them as part of a single marketing process inviting exploratory qualitative expert investigation. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature suggested an outline guide for interviewing a selection of expert informants, from a variety of high-street banks and building societies. The interview data were analysed using both computer-aided and manual techniques in parallel as part of strengthening the findings. Findings – The analysis of the interview data suggest five themes of that make up the management of channels in UK high-street banks that have an impact on customer acquisition and retention and which are as follows: customer groups, interaction style, relationship and loyalty, networks and service and satisfaction. Originality/value – The themes identified in this preliminary investigation provide a model that maps five aspects that underpin customer acquisition and retention in traditional high-street banks including for the purposes of this research, building societies in the UK.
2013-06-28
2013-06-28
2008
Article
Farquhar, J., Panther, T. & Wright, L-T. (2008)'To have and to hold: managing channels in UK high street financial services', Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 11(4), pp.425-438.
1352-2752
10.1108/13522750810901529
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294851
Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13522750810901529
Archived with thanks to Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948672014-01-12T05:43:24Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Marketing of financial services
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
Meidan, Arthur
business
economics
2013-06-28
2013-06-28
2010
Book
Farquhar, J. and Meidan, A. (2010). Marketing of financial services. 2nd ed, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
0230201180
978-0230201187
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294867
en
Palgrave MacMillan
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948492013-06-28T11:40:15Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Case study research methods for business
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
2013-06-28
2013-06-28
2012
Book
Farquhar, J. (2012) Case study research methods for business. London: Sage Publications.
9781849207768
9781849207775
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294849
en
http://www.sagepub.com/books/Book234844?siteId=sage-us&prodTypes=any&q=Case+study+research+methods+for+business+farquhar&fs=1
Sage Publications
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948502020-04-23T07:30:20Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
The influence of customer perceptions on financial performance in financial services
Liang, Chiung-Ju
Wang, Wen-Hung
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
consumer behaviour
financial benefits
financial services
product attributes
relationship marketing
Taiwan
The purpose of this study is to develop and empirically test a model examining the relationship between customer perceptions (product attributes, benefits, customer satisfaction, trust, commitment and customer behavioral loyalty) and financial performance of a merchant bank. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the SEM tool of Linear Structure Relation (LISREL), this study develops and empirically tests a model examining the relationships between customer perspectives (product attributes, benefits, customer satisfaction, trust, commitment and customer behavioral loyalty) and the financial perspective (financial performance). A cross-department study in the financial services industry was conducted based on three consumer samples (department of Loans, Deposits, and Credit Cards) drawn from XYZ bank, one of the most famous banks providing merchant banking services in Taiwan. Findings – SEM results indicate that: customer perceptions positively affect financial performance; and customers purchase financial services with dissimilar benefits, all of which come with corresponding attributes, and hence result in different levels of customer satisfaction and behavioral sequence, which is important in reinforcing customers' trust, commitment, repurchase intentions and corporate financial performance. In practical terms the findings suggest that financial service managers could consider treating consumers as partners in their provision of existing services or their quest to develop successful new services. Reciprocal behaviour will foster a positive atmosphere, remove barriers arising from risk, and enable relationships to progress, ultimately improving financial performance. The research proposes an empirical model of the customer perceptions in the consumption of financial services that has a positive impact on the financial performance of the company. The findings are based on data from one company across three product departments.
2013-06-28
2013-06-28
2009
Article
Liang, C-J., Wang, W-H. & Farquhar, J. (2009) 'The influence of customer perceptions on financial performance in financial services', International Journal of Bank Marketing, 27 (2), pp,129-149
0265-2323
10.1108/02652320910935616
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294850
International Journal of Bank Marketing
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02652320910935616
Archived with thanks to International Journal of Bank Marketing
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2948822020-04-23T08:42:56Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Acquiring and retaining customers in UK banks: an exploratory study
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
Panther, Tracy
customer acquisition
retention
qualitative study
services
UK banks
banking
This paper explores how traditional banks1 in the UK are managing customer acquisition (CA) at the same time as the retention of profitable customers. In spite of the interest of UK banks in retention, new customers often receive more favourable prices and conditions than existing customers, suggesting that acquisition may dominate. To explore the balance between acquisition and retention and to discover marketing activities that might support both, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a small sample of senior bank staff in the UK. Analysis of the interviews, using computer-aided software indicated that banks are indeed trying to manage acquisition with retention but encountering a range of difficulties as they revisit long-held strategies. The study also suggests seven activities that might contribute to a better balancing of CA with retention. By seeking expert management opinion through a qualitatively based study, this research proposes a preliminary framework of marketing activities that support both acquisition and retention.
2013-06-28
2013-06-28
2008
Article
Farquhar, J. & Panther, T. (2008), 'Acquiring and retaining customers in UK banks: An exploratory study 2008', Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 15(1), pp. 9-21.
0969-6989
10.1016/j.jretconser.2007.02.001
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/294882
Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services
en
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0969698907000112
Archived with thanks to Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services
Elsevier
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/2971252020-04-23T07:30:28Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Exploring the role of acculturation in brand choice: a new perspective for targeting Indians living in the United Kingdom
Vijaygopal, Rohini
Dibb, Sally
ethnic minority
consumer behaviour
acculturation
Indians are the largest UK ethnic minority, contributing significantly to the UK economy. Although this group's considerable spending power makes them of interest to marketing practitioners, greater insight into their consumer behaviour is required. An understanding of the influence of cultural factors on preferences and behaviour is a priority. This qualitative article considers how consumer acculturation affects the brand preferences of British Indian consumers. Berry's acculturation taxonomy and Mendoza's Cultural Life Style Inventory underpin the organisation of the data collection. The findings reveal distinctive brand choice patterns for individuals from different acculturation categories. Separated individuals use more of the ethnic brands than host brands; most integrated individuals are familiar with both ethnic and host brands; whereas assimilated individuals have a much narrower brand understanding, being familiar mainly with the host brands. The implications for researchers and practitioners are explored.
2013-07-29
2013-07-29
2012
Article
Vijaygopal, R. & Dibb, S. (2012) 'Exploring the role of acculturation in brand choice: A new perspective for targeting Indians living in the United Kingdom', Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 20 (1), pp.47-56
0967-3237
1479-1862
10.1057/jt.2012.4
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/297125
Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing
en
http://www.palgrave-journals.com/doifinder/10.1057/jt.2012.4
Archived with thanks to Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing
Palgrave MacMillan
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/3021112020-04-23T07:30:45Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Putting it right: service failure and customer loyalty in UK banks
Jones, Henry
Farquhar, Jillian Dawes
TARP Limited, London
Oxford Brookes University
banking
banks
customer loyalty
customer satisfaction
financial services
United Kingdom
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine minor service failures in UK banking and consider the impact that satisfaction with service recovery has on customer intentions to continue their custom and make recommendations, used as measures of loyalty behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – Data were gathered on customer satisfaction with service recovery attempts, intended loyalty behaviours and the sources of service failures were gathered by means of an on-line survey from approximately 2,000 respondents. Findings – Few customers who complained about minor service failures report that they were very satisfied with the service recovery. Weak service recovery influenced customer intentions about continued custom and recommendation. Minor failures in account management and bank charges are shown to have a marked effect on intended loyalty behaviours. Research limitations/implications – This paper reports the work of a short, e-mail survey, gathering frequency data from customers of UK banks and reports the impact of service recovery on customer intentions rather than their actions. Further investigation is needed using more a more sophisticated instrument. Practical implications – In this paper low levels of satisfaction with managing service recoveries are reported, no matter which channel the customer used, no matter how the service failure is managed. Originality/value – The preliminary work in this paper demonstrates the impact that weak service recovery of minor complaints has on customers' intended loyalty behaviours in UK banking.
2013-09-23
2013-09-23
2007
Article
Jones, H. and Farquhar J. (2007) 'Putting it right: service failure and customer loyalty in UK banks' International Journal of Bank Marketing, 25,3,pp.161-172
0265-2323
10.1108/02652320710739869
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/302111
International Journal of Bank Marketing
en
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02652320710739869
Archived with thanks to International Journal of Bank Marketing
Emerald
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5933162020-04-23T07:33:17Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Acculturation to Global Consumer Culture (AGCC): testing the validity of the AGCC scale and some preliminary results from the United Kingdom
Czarnecka, Barbara
Keles, Serap
University of Bedfordshire
University of Oslo
global consumer culture
acculturation
consumer culture
This paper presents preliminary results from a study focused on acculturation to Global Consumer Culture (GCC) conducted in the UK. In particular, this paper’s aims are to test the validity of the original ‘Acculturation to Global Consumer Culture’ (AGCC) scale in a new cultural context, and to present preliminary results about the relation between acculturation to GCC and demographic factors, technological anxiety, and compulsive buying. This paper is based on online questionnaire completed by 340 respondents in the UK. The psychometric properties of this scale were verified via confirmatory factor analysis, and a new, shorter scale was proposed. Some results about the links between acculturation to GCC and demographics, technological anxiety, and compulsive buying were presented and discussed within the context of extant GCC research. Limitations and further research were discussed. Key words: consumer culture, global consumer culture, acculturation to global consumer culture
2016-01-12
2016-01-12
2015-12-13
Conference papers, meetings and proceedings
Czarnecka, B., Keles, S. (2015) 'Acculturation to Global Consumer Culture (AGCC): testing the validity of the AGCC scale and some preliminary results from the United Kingdom' 16th Cross-cultural Research Conference, Grand Hyatt Playa del Carmen Resort, México December 13-15.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/593316
en
http://crossculturalresearch.com/
16th Cross-cultural Research Conference
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5940462020-04-23T08:41:01Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Dynamic pricing models for used products in remanufacturing with lost-sales and uncertain quality
Xiong, Yu
Li, Gendao
Zhou, Yu
Fernandes, Kiran
Harrison, Richard
Xiong, Zhongkai
Chongqing Technology and Business University
Jilin University
University of East Anglia
Chongqing University
University of Durham
Queen′s University Belfast
remanufacturing
dynamic pricing
Markov decision process
In this paper, we investigate the remanufacturing problem of pricing single-class used products (cores) in the face of random price-dependent returns and random demand. Specifically, we propose a dynamic pricing policy for the cores and then model the problem as a continuous-time Markov decision process. We first design a basic model that does not consider the quality uncertainty of cores, and then extend our model to incorporate this factor. Besides proving optimal policy uniqueness and establishing monotonicity results for the optimal policy, we also characterize the impact of system parameters on the optimal policies, which can provide simple managerial insights. Finally, we use computational experiments to assess the benefits of dynamic pricing compared to static pricing and identify the impacts of specific parameters on the relative merits of dynamic pricing policy.
2016-01-19
2016-01-19
2013-04-22
Article
Xiong, Y. et al (2013) 'Dynamic pricing models for used products in remanufacturing with lost-sales and uncertain quality' International journal of production economics 147 (c) 378-688
0925-5273
10.1016/j.ijpe.2013.04.025
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/594046
International journal of production economics
en
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527313001898
Elsevier
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5944752020-04-23T07:33:25Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Rich descriptions: evoking informant self-reflexivity in marketing and consumer research
Takhar, Amandeep
Chitakunye, Pepukayi
reflexivity
self-reflexivity
co-research
multiple methods
informant reflexivity
This study seeks to extend knowledge of reflexivity theories by moving beyond a sole focus on researcher reflexivity (Bettany & Woodruffe-Burton, 2009) in considering the significance of informant self-reflexivity. It explores the promotion of informant self-reflexivity as a means to generating more in-depth interpretive data. Following the call for a ‘structured, disciplinary impetus to begin’ (Bettany & Woodruffe-Burton, 2009, p. 675) in relation to reflexivity, this paper draws on insights from two longitudinal studies, and develops some guidelines that could encourage informants to comprehend fully and realise their views and thoughts through the injection of reflexivity into the research design. Three key themes emerged as being significant within the research encounter: (1) stimulate discussion and promote co-research, (2) empower informants by building trust, and (3) ethical and moral dilemmas in reflexivity.
2016-01-21
2016-01-21
2012-07
Article
Takhar, A., Chitakunye, P. (2012) 'Rich descriptions: Evoking informant self-reflexivity in marketing and consumer research' Journal of Marketing Management 28 (7-8):912
0267-257X
1472-1376
10.1080/0267257X.2012.700316
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/594475
Journal of Marketing Management
en
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0267257X.2012.700316
Archived with thanks to Journal of Marketing Management
Taylor & Francis
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5945622020-04-23T07:33:31Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Creative execution of United Kingdom banks’ print advertisement
Mogaji, Emmanuel
University of Bedfordshire
banks
United Kingdom
content analysis
print media
advertising
The place of the financial services industry in an economy cannot be over-emphasised, its utilitarian nature has made previous researchers suggest that it demands a different advertising strategy; however, the need to create an effective advertisement in this highly saturated industry cannot be overemphasised. This research aims at developing an understanding of creative strategies adopted by UK Banks’ in their print advertisement. Analysis of 1274 print advertisements in UK newspapers over twelve month period was carried out. The advertisements were analysed on the basis of their size, images used, colour, orientation and number of words used. In terms of the advert size, to create an impression, Full Centre Spread was seldom used whereas small advertisements had the largest share. Images of cartoon characters, celebrities, children, colleagues, couples and customers were frequently used. Cartoons were predominately used by the old LloydsTSB Bank and TSB Bank while Santander used the presence of sport celebrities in their advertisements. HSBC Adverts were predominantly printed in black colour on while First Direct advertisements had white text printed on black background. Natwest adverts are more likely to be in Purple, Lloyds in Green and TSB in Blue, these are their brand colours and are frequently used to reinforce their brand. The creative design, which includes the use of images and colours, has been noted to enhance the attractiveness and memorability of these advertisements which also conveys credibility. The research contributes to the study of advertisement design, providing outcomes relevant to numerous types of stakeholders.
2016-01-22
2016-01-22
2015-05-14
Presentation
Mogaji, E. (2015) 'Creative execution of United Kingdom banks’ print advertisement'. University of Bedfordshire Research Institute for Media, Arts and Performance Post Graduate Symposium, 14 May 2015.
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/594562
en
University of Bedfordshire
oai:uobrep.openrepository.com:10547/5965722024-02-06T10:49:13Zcom_10547_132195col_10547_132210
Intersecting inequalities in higher education: reaching out to LGBT-identified students on universities marketing communications
Mogaji, Emmanuel
Farinloye, Temitope
University of Bedfordshire
Questbury Research Services
N500 Marketing
The marketisation of higher education has led to increasing emphasis on universities to market themselves to prospective students, competitions among all institutions – not just the very best to attract perspective students. Previous studies has suggested that educational qualifications, geographical mobility and financial considerations affects students choice of Universities and more likely universities will be presenting these information to attract prospective students. This research goes outside these conventional marketing appeal to consider if sexual orientation of students are considered as an advertising appeal and reaching out to prospective LGBT students, after all in the same vein as the Guardian and Times Higher Education Ranking of Universities, Stonewall, a UK charity that works for the equal rights of LGBT people, compiles the ‘Gay by Degree’ ranking of universities in UK, rating how gay-friendly these universities are. Results indicated that unlike disability or race, sexual orientation is seldom considered in University marketing communication, suggesting the need to intersect this inequalities in higher education recruitment.
2016-02-18
2016-02-18
2015-12-15
Article
Mogaji, E. and Farinloye, T., 2015. 'Intersecting inequalities in Higher Education: Reaching out to LGBT-identified students on Universities Marketing Communications'. Questbury Brand Series 2 (6), 42-46
http://hdl.handle.net/10547/596572
Questbury Brand Series
en